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Personality stability
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abpsych 5

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Personality stability rank order, mean level, and personality coherence
Rank order stability the maintenance of individual position within a group
High rank order stability ppl maintain their position of dominance and extraversion relative to the other members of group
Mean level stability constancy of level
Mean level change ppl tend as a group to get increasingly conservative as they get older
Manifestations of traits complex form of personality development
Personality coherence maintaining rank order in relation to other individuals but changing the manifestations of the trait
Personality coherence doesn’t require the precise behavioral manifestations of a trait to remain the same
Personality coherence continuity in the underlying trait but change in the outward manifestations of that trait
Personalty change changes are internal & changes are relatively enduring over time
3 levels of analysis population as a whole, group differences within the population, and individual differences within groups
Population as a whole deals with the changes and constancies that apply more or less to everyone
There is a ____ in impulsive or risk-taking behavior as ppl age decrease
Change in impulsivity level with age population level of personality change
Group differences level some changes over time affect different groups of ppl differently
Analogous sex differences group differences level of personality analysis
Cultural or ethnic differences group differences level
Which individuals will go through a midlife crisis individual differences level
Temperament the individual differences that emerge very early in life
Temperament likely to have a heritable basis
Temperament often involved with emotionality and arousability
Activity level infant’s overall motor activity, including arm and leg movements
Fear infant’s distress and reluctance to approach novel stimuli
Distress to limitations child’s distress at being refused food, being dressed, being prevented access to desired object, being confined
Soothability degree to which the child reduces stress or calms down as a result of being soothed
Duration of orienting the degree to which the child sustains attention to objects in the absence of sudden changes
Show higher levels of stability over time for children activity level and smiling and laughing
Personality traits tend to become more stable towards the end of infancy (9-12 months)
Stability of temperament tends to be higher over short intervals of time than over long intervals
Stability coefficients test-retest reliability coefficients
Stability coefficients correlations between the same measure obtained at 2 different points in time
Validity coefficients correlations between different measures of the same trait obtained at the same time
Actometer-based measurements and judge-based measurements have significant positive validity coefficients
Activity level shows moderate stability during childhood
Size of correlations tend to decrease as the time interval between the different testings increases
Longer the time between testings the lower the stability coefficient
Individuals retain their rank order of aggression over time
Big five show moderate to high levels of rank order and individual stability through adulthood
Self-esteem high levels of continuity over time
Personality consistency tends to increase with increasing age
Personality consistency peaks at age 50
5-factor model of stability shows fairly consistent mean level stability over time
Tendency for ____ to gradually decline with age until around 50 yrs openness, extraversion, and neuroticism
Show an increase over time conscientiousness and agreeableness
Most consistent change with age ppl score lower on neuroticism or negative affect
Increases from middle adulthood to older age emotional stability
_____ of personality change show moderate correspondence with ___ personality change perceptions, actual
Big five personality dispositions may be changeable through therapy
Men’s self-esteem tends to ____ with age increase
Women’s self-esteem tends to_____ with age decrease
Men and women experience differences in self-esteem personality change at the group level
Studies on sensation seeking ppl become more cautious and conservative with age
Trait of sensation seeking is described mostly from the biological point of view
Sensation seeking peaks at ages 18 to 20
Drop in femininity from 40’s to 50’s
Men tend to decline in psychological flexibility and to become less ambitious with time
Both men and women become more competent and independent with age
Cohort effects the social times in which they lived
Women’s scores of assertiveness rose and fell depending on the cohort the women were raised in
Personality coherence predictable changes in the manifestations or outcomes of personality factors over time
Predictors of marital dissatisfaction and divorce neuroticism in husband and wife, low impulse control in husband
Strongest predictors of divorce neuroticism
High on neuroticism drug addiction
High in sensation seeking and impulsivity, low in conscientiousness and agreeableness drug addiction
Best predictor for academic performance conscientiousness
Impulsivity academic achievement and work performance
Living a long life high conscientiousness, extraversion, and low levels of hostility
Created by: alxt
 

 



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