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HDFS 145 TF
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| There are more unmarried women than there are unmarried men | True |
| A majority of african americans adults are unmarried | True |
| Both the pressure to marry and the attractions of marriage have greatly increase over the past few decades | False |
| Unmarried women and men are subjected to numerous unflattering stereotypes and often encounter discrimarotry treatment | True |
| Cohabitation has become part of the courtship process among young adults | True |
| Most cohabiting couples choose to live together because they don't perceive marriage as a desirable goal | False |
| Cohabitation is more common among college educated adults | False |
| Only same gender cohabiting couples can enter into legal domestic partnership | False |
| Most same gender cohabiting couples are dual earners | True |
| Unlike most human behavior, sexual behavior is instinctive | False |
| A significant number of women require manual or oral stimulation of the clitoris to experience orgasm | True |
| It is normal for children to engage in sexual experimentation with other children of both sexes | True |
| Kissing is the most common and most acceptable sexual activity | True |
| A decline in frequency of intercourse almost always indicate problems in the marital relationship | False |
| Most married women and men have had an extramarital relationship | False |
| Bisexuality is more widely accepted than male homosexuality or lesbianism | False |
| Partners in cohabiting relationships are more likely to be sexually unfaithful than married couples | True |
| Because of their knowledge, college students rarely put themselves at risk for sexually transmitted infections | False |
| Condoms are ineffective at preventing pregnancy of protecting against sexually transmitted infections | False |
| A high value of romantic love is unique in the united states | False |
| The development of mutual dependence is an important factor in love | True |
| Love and commitment are inseparable | False |
| Friendship and love share many characteristics | True |
| Men fall in love more quickly than women | True |
| Heterosexuals, gay men and lesbian are equally likely to fall in love | True |
| In many ways, love is like the attachment an infant experiences for a parent or primary caregiver | True |
| A high degree of jealously is a sign of true love | False |
| Partners with different styles of loving are likely to have more satisfying relationships because their styles and complementary | False |
| Love is something experienced and expressed similarly by people of their ethic or racial backgrounds | False |
| Trends in cohabitions and divorces clearly indicate a decrease in the importance of marriage in the U.S. | False |
| Couple who are unhappy before marriage significantly increase their happiness after marriage | False |
| Compared to adults in other Western countries, more Americans tend to agree that marriage is an outdated situations | False |
| Most interracial marriages are between African American men and Caucasian women | False (only 1/4) |
| Racial intermarriage is more common among highly educated people than among the less educated | True |
| The advent of children generally increases a couples marital satisfaction | False (may increase or decrease depending on the situation) (lower satisfaction and increase conflict w/ children in the household) |
| Having children is a decline in leisure activities | True |
| Marital satisfaction declines in the early years of marriage even among non parents | True |
| Three types of marital commitment | Personal commitment, moral commitment (forever and always), structural commitment (awareness of alternatives/ lost opportunities if you leave the relationship) |
| Product of love and satisfaction | Personal commitment |
| Product of our attitudes about marriage & divorce, "personal contact with our spouse" | Moral commitment |
| Product of alternatives | Structural commitment |
| Marital quality was lower among couples experiencing higher average levels of stress | True |
| During times of elevated stress, more relationship problems were perceived & partners negative behaviors were more often viewed as selfish, blameworthy | True |
| Blue collared husbands were more likely than white collared husbands to respond with negative affect to negative affect their wives in problem-solving discussions | True |
| Air traffic controllers, on high stress days express less... | Anger and less emotional withdrawal |
| 200 African Americans living in more distressed areas, express less.. | Warmth and hostility |
| When people marry they still have strong ties to their parents, until the wedding | True |
| Better the relationship with one in-law than the better the relationship is to be more happy | True |
| Formal task is to form a family that is interdependent rather than independent or dependent | True |
| Married women & men are less involved with their parents than.. | Non married or previously married |
| Divorce women & men are less involved are less involved with there parents than.. | Never married people |
| Married people are less likely to socialize with friends or neighbors than | Never married or previously married |
| Once married couples have children they show more similarity to the never married or previously married by | Practical or emotional help |
| Four assumptions for husband & wife: | Husband the head of the household, the husband is responsible for support the family, the wife is responsible for domestic work, the wife is responsible for children |
| Accumulation over time of various factors such as unresolved conflicts, poor communication, grievances, role overload | Duration-of-marriage-effect |
| Primary adjustment tasks: | Establish marital & family roles Provide emotional support for partner Adjust personal habits Negotiate gender roles Make sexual adjustment Establish priorities |
| Interaction process of role adjustment | Identity bargaining |
| Identity bargaining is a Three step process: | 1st: identify role you are performing 2nd: person must be treated by others as if they fulfill that role 3rd: two people must negotiate changes in each other's roles |
| Newly couples are affectionate, very much in love | Blissful harmony |
| One year into marriage the average says "i love you" and has sexual intercourse half as often as they were newly wed | True |
| Falling in love and the emotional connection | Emotional marriage |
| Change in an individuals identity from an autonomous individual to a partner couple | Psychic marriage |
| Changes in social relationships & social networks | Community marriage |
| Provides a couple with a host of responsibilities | Legal marriage |
| Economic changes when you marry | Economic marriage |
| Changes induced in marriage relationship by the arrival of children | Copartnal marriage |
| Dividing, managing and performing house chores | Domestic marriage |
| Living together before marriage but not legally recognized until wedding | Cohabition |
| Symbolizes a couples commitment to each other | Weddings |
| First stage of begins with engagement or cohabitation followed by a wedding | Family life cycle |
| Today, in contrast to past engagement has more significance as a ritual than as a binding commitment to be married | True |
| Engagements average between.. | 16-18 months |
| Number of social and psychological issues during engagement period: | Anxiety Maturation and dependency needs Losses Partner choice Gender-role conflict Idealization Marital expectations Self-knowledge (understand yourself) |
| Courtship sets the stage of marriage | True |
| Three courtship & marital outcomes: | Rocky & turbulent courtship: upset, anger, jealousy Sweet & undramatic courtships: partners are "good hearts" Passionate courtships: plugging into love, having sex early in the relationship> more vulnerable to divorce |
| The most important factor of marriage is.. | Age |
| People who marry young are at greater risk of fail | True (divorce) |
| Early marriage is associated with reduced educational attainment | True |
| Trend in the U.S. has been delaying marriage | True |
| Women are twice than men to marry early | True |
| Married couples are better off financially than others | True |
| Living in a household that earns 10 times the poverty level, married couples are more likely to attain this | Afluence |
| Married people tend to live healthier | True |
| The belief that people select spouses those whose needs are different from our own "Opposites attract" | Complementary needs theory |
| Gratification follows from finding someone who feels/ thinks like we do "Birds of feathers flock together" | Value theory/role theory |
| We seek partners similar to our opposite-sex partner | Parental image theory |
| What happens between the "magic moment" with its chemistry and decision to maintain a long-term relationship such as marriage | Stimulus-value-role theory |
| Each person drawn to each other before actual interaction | Stimulus stage |
| Partner weigh each others basic values, seeking compatibility | Value stage |
| Each person analyzes the others behaviors or how the person fulfills there love roles | Role stage |
| Explain Marriage patterns: | Preferences of individuals for resources in a partner The influence of one's peer group The constraints of marriage market |
| Intermarriage can decrease the importance of cultural differences because the children of mixed marriages are less likely to identify themselves with a single group | True |
| Through intermarriage, individuals may question and lose negative attitudes they have toward other groups | True |
| Never married people are more likely to marry never married people | True |
| Never married people who marry divorced partners find that they have to deal with lower amounts of resources | True |
| Occurs more as a result of deliberate choices | Marital history homogamy |
| The tendency we have to select partners from a geographically limited locale | Residential propinquity |
| An important factor affecting the marriage market is the ration of men to women | True |
| Gender imbalance reflected in the ratio of available unmarried women and men | Marriage squeeze |
| 18-44 there are more unmarried women than men | True |
| Tendency for women to marry men of higher status | Mating gradient |
| Americans tend to marry those of similar ages | True |
| Marry those similar to us (same race, religion); fear of those who are different than ourselves | Endogamy |
| Requires us to marry outside certain groups | Exogamy |
| The tendency to choose a mate whose personal or group characteristics are similar to us | Homogamy/positive assortative mating |
| Tendency to chose a mate whose personal or group characteristics differ from our own | Heterogamy |
| Strongest pressure toward homogamy | True |
| Most important factors of homogamy: | Race, ethnicity, religion, personality characteristics |
| Most marriages are between members of the same races | True; 98% the same race; 7% different race |
| Interracial marriage has increased over highly educated people | True |
| Puerto rican women & men are least likely to marry white spouses, more likely to marry.. | True, African Americans |
| Puerto Ricans are more likely than African Americans to marry whites | True |
| _____ of intermarriages are between blacks and whites | 1/4 |
| _____between and Black ann white women | 1/3 |
| Interracial marriages have been found to divorce | True |
| Fertility rates vary by.. | Education Income |
| 30% between age 40-44 did not have children | False, 20% |
| 40% of births to unmarried women | True |
| Difficulty conceiving or carrying a pregnancy to term | Impaired fecundity |
| ____ adopted children under age 18 | 1.6 million |
| ___ under age 18 | 2.5% |
| More high school males than females had sexual intercourse | True |
| Sexuality attracted to the other gender | Heterosexaul |
| Strong dislike fear, or hatred of lesbians/gays because of there sexuality | Antigay prejudice |
| Irrational phobic fear or gay men and lesbians | Homophobia |
| Bias/ discrimination in favor of heterosexuals | Heterosexism |
| Victimized least: Victimized most: | Physically attacked, sexually assaulted, beaten Verbally assaulted or abused |
| Gay men are more likely to experience such victimization than lesbian/bisexuals | True |
| Becoming bisexual: | Confusion Finding an label Settling into the identity Continual of uncertainty |
| There are more single women than men | True |
| Factors why there are so many single adults: | Delayed marriage, expanded education, increase rate of divorce, more liberal standards, uneven ration of unmarried women and men |
| Starts with the male at puberty and the production of sperm is regulated by hormones | Spermatogenis |
| Each woman is born with her life supply of ova, and between ___ and ____ eggs eventually mature and leave her ovaries during ovulation | 300 & 500 |
| Fertilized egg travels down the fallopian tube, diving to form a tiny clump of cells | Zygote |
| When it reaches the uterus it burrows into the endomentrium, the lining of the uterus | Implantation |
| 15-44% of women the ages 15-44 have used a birth control method at least once | True |
| 11% do not use birth control method | True |
| Half of three million pregnancies each year are unintended | True |
| 14,000 put there children up for adoption | True |
| __ million women have abortions | 1.3 |
| ___ women & men have gotten pregnant unintentionally | 2% |
| Block the meeting of egg and sperm by means of physical barrier (diaphram, cervical cap) | Barrier contraceptives |
| Condoms are second to the pill for college educated | True |
| Act as a barrier by blocking the entrance to the uterus and absorbing and deactivating sperm | Sponge |
| Chemical foams, jellies, film | Vaginal spermicide |
| Failure rates of vaginal suppositories are as high as.. | 10-25% |
| A thin two inch square film laced with spermicide is folded and inserted into the vagina, it dissolves | Film |
| Non hormonal, latex free | Fem cap |
| Release a constant dose of estrogen and progestin throughout a women's menstrual cycle | Monophasic pills |
| Normal hormonal fluctuations of the natural menstrual cycle by providing different level of estrogen and progerstore at different times of the month | Multiphasic pills |
| Contain only a small amount of progestin and no estrogen | Minipill |
| A small piece of molded plastic, with a nylon string attached, that is inserted into the uterus through the cervix, it prevents pregnancy by interfering with the implantation | IUD |
| To terminate pregnancy | Medical abortion |
| A surgical sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are observed, with a laparotscope inserted through a small incision, and then cut or blocked | Laparoscopy |
| Done from 7-13 weeks after the last menstraul cycle, involves the gradual dilation (opening) of the cervix, often by inserting into the cervix one or more sticks of the laminaria | Suction currettage |
| Enhancement of a woman's health and well being prior to conception in order to ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby--include risk assessment | Preconception care |
| 70% of babies are still born to women in their 20's | True |
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