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Pharm - Ch. 47
Drugs for Heart Failure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the five drug classes used to treat heart failure | ACE inhibiotrs, diuretics, beta-adrenergic blockers, inotropic agents, aldosterone receptor blocker |
| Heart failure results in... | Ventricular dysfunction, reduced cardiac output, insufficient tissue perfusion, fluid retention |
| List the principal drugs for heart failure | ACE inhibitor: captopril. Diuretics: hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide. Inotropic agents: digoxin, dopamine. Adlosterone R blocker: spironolactone Beta blocker: metoprolol |
| True or false: ACE inhibitors and diuretics first line defense for treating HF | True |
| Inotropic agents cause what? | Increase in force of contraction |
| Sympathomimetics include dopamine, which does what? | Activates beta1 AR in heart to increase contractility and HR. Also dilates renal blood vessels, increase urine output. |
| True or false: At high doses, dopamine will become a vascular alpha1 agonist receptor, which will result in reduction of cardiac output | True |
| Digoxin produces a ______ inotropic effect | Positive. Increases myocardial contractility and cardiac output |
| What is digoxin's mechanism of action? | Inhibit Na/K-ATPase, promoting calcium accumulation. |
| True or false: digoxin has a low therapeutic range | True |
| True or false: digoxin has significant cardiotoxicity if not monitored | True, due to dysrhythmias |
| In a hypokalemic patient, you would expect what amount of digoxin to bind? | High amounts |
| In a hyperkalemic patient, you would expect what amount of digoxin to bind? | Low amounts |
| Digoxin toxicity can result in... | Muscle weakness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, visual disturbances |
| True or false: diuretics reduce the symptoms of HF and prolong survival | False. While they reduce symptoms, they do not extend life |
| Why should caution be used when pairing thiazide diuretics and loop diuretics with digoxin? | These diuretics can cause hypokalemia, which results in increased digoxin binding and can lead to dysrhythmias |
| True or false: digoxin competes for binding with potassium to Na/K-ATPase | True |
| Digoxin is eliminated how? | Renal excretion |
Created by:
choel
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