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Science-Chapter16
Physical Science Chapter 16: Atomic Energy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the process by which an unstopable nucleus gives off nuclear radiation? | Radioactivity |
| What is the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom? | Mass Number |
| What are isotopes? | Isotopes are atoms that have the same numbers of protons as other atoms of the same element do but that have different numbers of neutrons. |
| What is nuclear fission? | Nuclear fission is the process by which a l nuclei and releases energy. |
| What is half life? | The amount of time needed for half a of a sample of radioactive substance to undergo decay.. |
| What is nulear fusion? | the combination of the nuclei of small atoms to form a larger nucleus releases energy. |
| What is a nuclear chain reaction? | a countinous series of nuclear fission reactions |
| What is an advantage of nuclear fission, and what is a disadvantage? | advantage:less pollution, energy production costs are less disadvantage: nuclear waste (what to do with it), potential accidents, high plant construction costs. |
| what is plasma? | a state of matter in which electrons are removed from atoms. consists of electrons and ions. example: lighting, neon lights, fluorescent lights, fire, stars |
| Advantages and disadvantages of nuclear fusion. | produces lest waste, less accident prone, plenty of material for fusion (hydrogen from water) disadvantage: requries high temperatures and pressure , uses more energy than it produces. |
| What are three types of radiation? | Alpha decay, Beta decay, Gamma decay |
| particle consists of 2 protons 2 nuetrons the nucleus of a helium atom. Travels short distance of 7cm penetrating power. | Alpha Decay. (Can be stoped by paper) |
| particle consists of an electron or position. Particle comes from the breakdown of a neutron. Travels greater distance 1m penetrating power. Mass number stays the same. | Beta Decay |
| ray is pure energy (light) energy level changes but no change to substance. | Gamma Decay (Has to be stopped by thick cement) |
| sickness, cell damage, cancers, damage to building structures. | Dangers of radioactivity. |
Created by:
BryanaChavis
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