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Biomechanics Test 2

QuestionAnswer
Function of a motor neuron and location. carry signals to muscle, located on ventral (front) side
The Central Nervous System consist what two things? Brain & Spinal Cord
What is a sensory neuron and where are they located? Sensory neuron carries info to the CNS and is located on the dorsal(back)side.
Innervation Ratio number of fibers controlled by ONE neuron
Structure of a motor unit neuron, cell body (soma), dendrites, axon, branches, muscle fibers
All-or-none principle motor units activated; ALL fibers that belong to a motor unit have to contract
Type of fibers Type I, Type IIa, Type IIb
Type I fiber Characteristics slow contraction, little tension, highly fatigue, maintain posture.
Type IIa fiber characteristics fast contraction, more fatigue than type IIb, Example: swimming, bicycling
Type IIb fiber Characteristics rapid contraction, alpha neurons, large neuron-to-fiber ratios. Example: spring, weight lifting
What is a Ganglia? bundles of cell bodies outside the spinal cord
What is a dendrite? projections on the cell body that serve as receivers
What is Recruitment? Tension generated is determined by SIZE & NUMBER of motor units recruited
Size Principle Type Ia first, Type IIa second, Type IIb third
what is Asynchronous activation? activation that is temporally spaced
what is Synchronous activation? large and small units activating together
what is RATE CODING or frequency coding? high frequency can induce high tension
Small muscle frequency 30-50% max
large muscle frequency 100% max
What is a reflex? involuntary response to stimuli
What is a monosynaptic reflex? also called a simple reflex; when a sensory neuron is stimulated, it facilitates the stimulation of a spinal motor neuron
what is a myotactic reflex? also called a stretch reflex; causes contraction of a muscle being stretched
flexor reflex? initiated by painful stimuli, causes quick withdrawl of the limb Example: touching something hot
cutaneous reflex? causes relaxation with heat or massage
Created by: LilRed2123
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