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scienc e c ards
sohail syed
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is radioactivity? | process of when a unstable nucleus gives off radiation. |
| who discovered Radiation, and what did he/she call it? | Henri Bequerel, nuclear radiation. |
| who renamed what Bequerel discovered? | Marie Curie. |
| what is Radioactivity also called | Radioactive Decay and Nuclear Radiation. |
| how many types of radioactive decay is there and what are their names. | 3, Alpha Decay Beta Decay and Gamma Decay |
| what is released during an alpha decay? | Alpha particles |
| what is an alpha particle made of and what is their mass number? | 2 protons and 2 neutrons, 4 |
| what is mass number? | the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| what are two important things about radioactive decay | mass number is conserved and charge is conserved |
| what is released during an beta decay? | Beta particles |
| what is a beta particle made of and what is their charge? | electron-1 or positron+1 |
| what is an isotope | atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the element but have different number of neutrons |
| what is released during a gamma decay? | Gamma rays |
| what is an gamma ray made of and what is their mass and charge? | light with high energy and 0 |
| what stops the penetrating powers of alpha particles? | paper |
| what stops the penetrating powers of beta particles? | 3mm of aluminum |
| what stops the penetrating powers of gamma rays? | few centimeters of lead or few meters of concrete |
| what are symptoms of radiation to living things? | cancer loss of hair burns radiation sickness loss of appetite fatigue |
| what are symptoms of radiation to nonliving things? | weaken metal damage space craft nuclear power plants to become unsafe |
| what is found in all living things? | carbon |
| Can the rate of decay change? | no |
| what is half life? | amount of time needed for half of a radioactive substance to decay |
| what are some uses for radioactivity in our everyday lives? | smoke detectors tracers sterilizers x rays indicate defects power supply |
| what is nuclear fission? | process when a large nucleus splits into two small nuclei and releases energy |
| what is nuclear chain reaction? | a continuous series of nuclear fissions |
| what are some advantages of nuclear fission? | cost less to run than fossil fuel companies |
| what are some disadvantages of nuclear fission? | nuclear waste accidents |
| what is nuclear fusion? | combo of nuclei of small atoms to form a large nucleus |
| what is needed for fusion to happen? | plasma and very high temperatures |
| what is plasma? | state of matter which electrons have been removed from atoms |
| what are some advantages of nuclear fission? | less accidents less radioactive stuff needed a lot of fuel in the the world |
| what are some disadvantages of nuclear fission? | uses a lot of energy to store plasma than energy made |
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ssyed
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