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Science Chap 16

QuestionAnswer
What is radioactivity? The process by which an unstable nucleus gives of nuclear radiation
____ + ____ = mass number protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom
What is another name for radioactivity? Radioactive decay
Describe alpha decay The release of an alpha particle from a nucleus
Describe an alpha particle It is made up of two protons and two neutrons and has a mass number of 4 and a charge of 2+
What is an isotope? An atom that has the same number of protons/same atomic number as other atoms of that element but have a different amount of neutrons
What is a gamma ray? Sometimes, energy given off during alpha and beta decay is in the form of light that has a very high energy. This is called a gamma ray.
What is the release of gamma rays from a nucleus? Gamma decay
Radiation sickness? And symptoms? Radiation can damage cells and cause burns. A single large exposure to radiation can cause radiation sickness. Symptoms: fatigue, loss of appetite, and hair loss
Describe a beta particle. It can be an electron or a positron. An electron has a charge of 1- and a positron has a charge of 1+. The mass number of a beat particle is 0.
What is a half-life? The time needed for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to undergo radioactive decay.
What is the half-life of carbon-14? 5,730 years
How has radioactivity been used in healthcare? Doctors use radioactive tracers to help diagnose medical problems.
How has radioactivity been used in industry? Radioactive isotopes can help detect defects in structures.
Created by: abbijess
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