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Ch. 16 Atomic Energy

Chapter 16 Vocab: Atomic Energy Flashcards

QuestionAnswer
Radioactivity (radioactive decay) the process where unstable nuclei give off nuclear radiation
Nuclear Radiation the high energy particles and rays emitted by the nuclei of some atoms
Henry Becquerel French scientist who discovered radioactivity
Marie Curie Polish scientist who named radioactivity
Alpha Decay Releases alpha particles; atomic number decreases by 2, mass number decreases by 4
Alpha Particle Made up of 2 protons and neutrons (helium atom nucleus). Least penetrating power
Beta Decay Release of beta particle; atomic number increases by 1, mass number stays the same
Beta Particle Electron/positron. Comes from the breakdown of a neutron. Greater penetrating power than alpha particle
Gamma Decay Releases gamma rays; energy. Highest penetrating power
Isotope Atoms of elements that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons
Dangers of Radiation Radiation sickness, damage to cell, cancers, damage to buildings
Uses of Radiation Dating fossils, medicine, finding leaks in pipes
Half-life Time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay
Tracer Radioactive element whose path can be traced with a reaction or a process
Nuclear Fission Process where a nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei. Releases neutrons
Nuclear Fusion Process where two nuclei combine to form a larger nuclei. Powers the sun.
Created by: Soo123
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