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MPTC Pharm Exam #1
CNS drugs & Autonomic Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phenoylephrine/ Neo-Synephrine is a | Sympathomimetic drug targets Alpha 1 = increased BP and HR |
| Clonidine/Catapress is a | sympathomimetic drug targets Alpha 2 = decreased BP and HR |
| Prazosin/Minipress is a | adrenergic antagonist (blocker)= decreased BP and tachycardia |
| -olol drugs (like propranolol/Inderal) are a | adrenergic antagonist (Beta blocker)= decreased HR, BP and blood volume BUT also constricts brocholes so not good for Asthmatics |
| Diazepam | valium |
| diazepam/valium used for | seizure prevention |
| diazepam/valium important info | narrow theraputic range must monitor levels closely |
| phenobarbitol | Luminal |
| phenobarbitol/luminal used for | sediative or antiseizure med |
| phenobarbitol/luminal side effects | drowsiness |
| is phenobarbitol/luminal usually prescribed? | no other meds are much more effective |
| Phenobarbitol/ luminal overdose would cause | serious respiratory distress, hypotension and shock |
| Levodopa | L-dopa |
| Levodopa/L-dopa used to treat? | parkinsons |
| Levodopa/L-dopa works how? | is a precursor to dopamine so it eases the synthesis and creates homeostasis in the body |
| Lithium | Eskalith |
| Lithium/Eskalith used to treat? | bipolar disorder |
| Lithium/eskalith important info. | narrow theraputic range, compliance is key, acts like sodium which means dehydration could cause blood toxicity |
| Zoloft | Sertraline |
| Zoloft/Sertraline used to treat and is a ____? | Mood disorders and is a SSRI med |
| Zoloft/Sertraline side effects | decreased libido and inability to achieve orgasm |
| Zoloft/Sertraline important info | do not stop suddenly, new drug of choice for depression, takes up to 5 weeks to take effect but less of a sucide risk |
| Ativan | Lorazepam |
| Ativan/Lorazepam used to treat? | Insomnia and Anxiety |
| Ativan/lorazepam side effects | drowsiness, dizziness. Can cause decreased respiratory function when given by IV so don't give that way |
| Ativan/Lorazepam not for people with? | sleep apnea, elderly, or asthmatics |
| Ativan/lorazepam drug class | Benzodiazepines |
| Dilantin | Phenytoin |
| Dialantin/Phenytoin used to treat? | Antiseizure med |
| Dialantin/Phenytoin side effects | can cause hypotension |
| Dialaintin/Phenytoin important info | narrow theraputic range. most commonly prescribed antiseizure med |
| Ambien | Zolpidem |
| Ambien/Zolpidem is used to treat | Anxiety and insomnia |
| Ambien/zolpidem side effects | in elderly can cause hallucinations, sleepwalking, amnesia RAPID ONSET MED |
| Ambien/zolpidem important info | increased suicide pill OD risk, rebound insomnia when stopped, RAPID ONSET must take right before bed 7-27 min onset |
| Ritalin | methylphenidate |
| Ritalin/methylphenidate used to treat | ADHD |
| Ritalin/methylphenidate side effects | may cause insomnia and paradoxyl hyperactivity |
| Ritalin/methyphenidate important info | causes up and down behaviors Schedule II med other meds maybe more effective |
| Imipramine | Tofranil |
| Imipramine/Tofranil used to treat what | Depression (Trcyclic Antidepressant) |
| Imipramine/Tofranil side effects | orthostatic hypotension |
| Imipramin/Tofranil is not for people with | urinary rentention, cardiac issues, or recovering from a MI |
| Imipramin/Tofranil important info | HUGE RISK FOR SUICIDE b/c it takes 2-6 weeks to take effect and it has a very long half life. MUST monitor pt.'s taking it. |
| Nardil | Phenelzine |
| Nardil/Phenelzine is this type of drug | MAOI |
| Nardil/Phenelzine important info | MANY DRUG & FOOD interactions!! Rarely prescribed b/c of this. Avoid foods with TYRAMINE |
| Risperidal/risperdone important info | treats both + & - symptoms of mood disorders Pregnancy Risk B |
| Risperidal/risperdone used to treat? | mood disorders |
| Inderal | propranolol |
| Inderal/Propranolol used to treat? | high blood pressure (beta blocker) |
| Inderal/Propranolol side effects | decerased sexual function, drowsiness, fatigue and weakness |
| Inderal/proranolol important info | do not stop suddenly, pregnancy risk C or D |
| Dopamine | Intropin |
| Dopamine/intropin used to treat | hypotension, MI, Shock |
| Dopamine/Intropin side effects | headache, arrythma, tachycardia, palpations |
| Dopamine/Intropin effects body how? | stimulates the adrenergic receptors = fight or flight reaction |
| What reverses Ativan/Lorazepam ? | Romazicon/flumazenil |
| Who should not take benzodiazapines? | elderly, asthmatics, and people with sleep apnea |
| How long for antidepressants to take effect? | 2-6 weeks |
| Parkisons meds, what do they do (basic) | increase dopamine synthesis which maintains homeostasis in the body |
| Adrenergic = which N.S.? | sympathetic |
| Adrenergic neurotransmitters | norephrine and epinephrine |
| Adrenergic receptors | A1 A2 B1 B2 |
| Sympathomimetics do what? | mimic sympathetic N.S. |
| Cholenergic blocking agents are called what? | Anticholinergenic |
| Adrenergic Antagonists do what? | block (SNS)fight or flight response which stimulates that (PNS) rest and digest |
| Most widely prescribed aderergic meds are called? | beta blockers |
| Cholinergic Alzheimers drug? | Cognex |
| Parasympathomimetics do what? | mimic the parasympathetic N.S. which stimulates rest and digest |
| Cholinergic neurotrasmitter | Acetylcholine |
| cholinergic receptors | nicotinic and muscarinic |
| Anticholinergencis do what? | block (PNS) rest and digest and stimulate (SNS)fight or flight |
| Anticholinergenic side effects | increased BP HR and Respirations, hyperglycemia, N & V, urinary retention nervousness |
| Do not use atropine with pt's with ? | Glaucoma |
| Anticholinergenics protype drug | Atropine |
| Anticholinergenics used for | GI disorders, increse HR, dialate bronchi for Asthma |
| What must nurses assess when pt is taking a CNS depressant | respirations |
| Aricept | donepezil hydrochloride |
| Aricept used to treat what? | Alzhiemers minimal effectiveness |
| name 4 antiseizure meds | Dialantin/phenytoin Ativan/lorazepam Phenobarbitol/luminal Diazepam/Valium |
| name 3 insomnia meds | Ambien/Zolpidem lorazepam/ativan phenobarbital/luuminal |
| ADHD med | Ritalin/methylophenidate |
| Bipolar med | Lithium/eskalith |
| Mood disorder meds 4 | imipramine/tofranil risperdal/risperdone zoloft/sertaline nardil/phenelzine |
| Minipress | Prazosin |
| Minipress/prazosin is used called a | beta blocker |
| minipress/prazosin works by | blocking adrenergic receptors |
| minipress/prazosin is used to treat | hypertension |
| urecholine is a parasympathetic which means it | mimics the parasympathetic N.S. |
| urecholine is not for people with | glaucoma |
| Atropine blocks the | parasympathetic N.S. |
| atropine is not for people with | enlarged prostates |
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