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A macroreentrant circuit is one that involves a small area of heart tissue, usually a few centimeters or less. T or F
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Most patients with type 1 atrial flutter develop atrial fibrillation. T or F
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ECG Made Easy, Ch. 4
Atrial Rhythms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A macroreentrant circuit is one that involves a small area of heart tissue, usually a few centimeters or less. T or F | False |
| Most patients with type 1 atrial flutter develop atrial fibrillation. T or F | False |
| In atrial fibrillation, the PR interval is usually less than 0.20 second in duration. T or F | False |
| Atrial tachycardia is a form of supraventricular tachycardia. T or F | True |
| most likely to be associated with a reduction in cardiac output and loss of atrial kick | Atrial fib |
| On the ECG, an impulse that begins in the atria and occurs earlier than the next expected sinus beat will appear as: | A P wave that may appear in the T wave of the preceding beat. |
| A 77 year-old lady is complaining of a sudden onset of palpitations. The cardiac monitor reveals a fib with a ventricular response of 144-210 b/min while the pt is at rest. In this situation, the ventricular rate associated with this rhythm is | uncontrolled |
| Delay that occurs following a premature beat that resets the SA node. | compensatory pause |
| Medication that should be avoided in the presence of severe underlying pulmonary disease: | Beta-blockers |
| Early | Premature |
| Usual cause of atrial flutter | Reentry |
| Before electrical cardioversion, prophylactic treatment with a(n) ________ is recommended for the patient in atrial flutter or fibrillation. | anticoagulant |
| Irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm, no identifiable P waves | Atrial fibrillation |
| The most common preexcitation syndrome | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
| Updated term for wandering atrial pacemaker | Multiformed atrial rhythm |
| This often follows a PAC and represents the delay during which the SA node resets its rhythm for the next beat. | Noncompensatory pause |
| Common complaint in a patient with a rapid heart rate. | Palpitations |
| Medication often used to slow the ventricular rate in atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. | Diltiazem |
| Baseline appearance in atrial fibrillation. | Erratic |
| Early beat initiated by an irritable atrial site. | Premature atrial complex |
| Sudden onset or cessation of a dysrhythmia | Paroxysmal |
| The name given a PAC associated with a wide QRS complex. | Aberrantly conducted PAC |
| Early P wave with no QRS following it | Nonconducted PAC |
| Atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation that has a ventricular rate of more than 100 beats/min | Uncontrolled |
| Atrial rate associated with atrial fibrillation. | 400-600 beats/min |
| Patients who experience A Fib are at increased risk of having this | Stroke |
| Drugs of choice for AVRNT | Adenosine |
| Consequence of decreased ventricular filling time | Decreased stroke volume |
| Multifocal atrial tachycardia is also called __________. | chaotic atrial tachycardia |
| Every third beat comes from somewhere other than the SA node. | Trigeminy |
| Atrial rate associated with Type I atrial flutter. | 250-350 |
| Cardiac glycoside | Digoxin |
| Waveforms resemble the teeth of a saw or picket fence before the QRS. | Atrial flutter |
| Every fourth beat comes from somewhere other than the SA node. | Quadrigeminy |
| Why do some patients experience syncope with a tachycardia? | Tachycardias may cause syncope because the rapid ventricular rate decreases cardiac output & blood flow to the brain. Syncope is most likely to occur just after the onset of a rapid atrial tach or when the rhythm stops abruptly. |
| What is the most common type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)? | AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVRNT) |
| Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia is visible on a patient’s cardiac monitor. What does “paroxysmal” mean? | A rhythm that starts or ends suddenly. Some physicians use this term to describe the sudden onset or end of a patient’s symptoms. |
| List the three (3) main ECG findings associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. | 1. Short PR interval 2. Delta wave 3. Widening of the QRS |
| List the three (3) dysrhythmias that most commonly occur in WPW syndrome? | AVRT, followed by atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter |
| Explain why patients who experience atrial fibrillation are at increased risk of having a stroke. | As the atria do not contract properly & expel all blood within them, blood may pool & form clots. A clot may dislodge on own or because of conversion to a sinus rhythm. A stroke can result if a clot moves from the atria & lodges in an artery in the brain. |
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djoyo14