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ECG Made Easy, Ch. 4

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Created by: djoyo14

Question	Answer
A macroreentrant circuit is one that involves a small area of heart tissue, usually a few centimeters or less. T or F	False
Most patients with type 1 atrial flutter develop atrial fibrillation. T or F	False
In atrial fibrillation, the PR interval is usually less than 0.20 second in duration. T or F	False
Atrial tachycardia is a form of supraventricular tachycardia. T or F	True
most likely to be associated with a reduction in cardiac output and loss of atrial kick	Atrial fib
On the ECG, an impulse that begins in the atria and occurs earlier than the next expected sinus beat will appear as:	A P wave that may appear in the T wave of the preceding beat.
A 77 year-old lady is complaining of a sudden onset of palpitations. The cardiac monitor reveals a fib with a ventricular response of 144-210 b/min while the pt is at rest. In this situation, the ventricular rate associated with this rhythm is	uncontrolled
Delay that occurs following a premature beat that resets the SA node.	compensatory pause
Medication that should be avoided in the presence of severe underlying pulmonary disease:	Beta-blockers
Early	Premature
Usual cause of atrial flutter	Reentry
Before electrical cardioversion, prophylactic treatment with a(n) ________ is recommended for the patient in atrial flutter or fibrillation.	anticoagulant
Irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm, no identifiable P waves	Atrial fibrillation
The most common preexcitation syndrome	Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Updated term for wandering atrial pacemaker	Multiformed atrial rhythm
This often follows a PAC and represents the delay during which the SA node resets its rhythm for the next beat.	Noncompensatory pause
Common complaint in a patient with a rapid heart rate.	Palpitations
Medication often used to slow the ventricular rate in atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation.	Diltiazem
Baseline appearance in atrial fibrillation.	Erratic
Early beat initiated by an irritable atrial site.	Premature atrial complex
Sudden onset or cessation of a dysrhythmia	Paroxysmal
The name given a PAC associated with a wide QRS complex.	Aberrantly conducted PAC
Early P wave with no QRS following it	Nonconducted PAC
Atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation that has a ventricular rate of more than 100 beats/min	Uncontrolled
Atrial rate associated with atrial fibrillation.	400-600 beats/min
Patients who experience A Fib are at increased risk of having this	Stroke
Drugs of choice for AVRNT	Adenosine
Consequence of decreased ventricular filling time	Decreased stroke volume
Multifocal atrial tachycardia is also called __________.	chaotic atrial tachycardia
Every third beat comes from somewhere other than the SA node.	Trigeminy
Atrial rate associated with Type I atrial flutter.	250-350
Cardiac glycoside	Digoxin
Waveforms resemble the teeth of a saw or picket fence before the QRS.	Atrial flutter
Every fourth beat comes from somewhere other than the SA node.	Quadrigeminy
Why do some patients experience syncope with a tachycardia?	Tachycardias may cause syncope because the rapid ventricular rate decreases cardiac output & blood flow to the brain. Syncope is most likely to occur just after the onset of a rapid atrial tach or when the rhythm stops abruptly.
What is the most common type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?	AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVRNT)
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia is visible on a patient’s cardiac monitor. What does “paroxysmal” mean?	A rhythm that starts or ends suddenly. Some physicians use this term to describe the sudden onset or end of a patient’s symptoms.
List the three (3) main ECG findings associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome.	1. Short PR interval 2. Delta wave 3. Widening of the QRS
List the three (3) dysrhythmias that most commonly occur in WPW syndrome?	AVRT, followed by atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
Explain why patients who experience atrial fibrillation are at increased risk of having a stroke.	As the atria do not contract properly & expel all blood within them, blood may pool & form clots. A clot may dislodge on own or because of conversion to a sinus rhythm. A stroke can result if a clot moves from the atria & lodges in an artery in the brain.