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aseptic vocab
angel's PT205 parenteral prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ampule | glass single-dose-only drug container; must use filter needle when working with ampules; contains no preservative |
| aseptic technique | manipulation of sterile products and devices in such a way as to avoid disease-causing microorganisms |
| ACD | automated compounding device |
| ACD | a programmable, automated device to make complex IV preps such as TPNs |
| catheter | a device inserted into a vein for direct access to the blood vascular system |
| central venous catheter | CVC |
| CVC | a catheter placed into a large vein deep into the body; also called a central line |
| chemo venting pin | a device used to equalize pressure in the preparation of hazardous drugs |
| closed system transfer device | CSTD |
| CSTD | a needle-less delivery system by which medications are aseptically activated and added to an IV mini-bag at patient bedside |
| coring | the act of introducing a small chunk of the rubber closure into the solution while removing medication from a vial; NO BUENO! |
| cytotoxic drug | a hazardous drug that must be handled and prepared with extra precautions |
| diluent | a sterile fluid added to a powder to reconstitute, dilute, or dissolve a medication |
| drop set | the calibration, in drops per milliliter on IV sets |
| electrolyte | a dissolved mineral salt, commonly found in IV fluids |
| filter | a device used to remove contaminants such as glass, paint, fibers, rubber cores, and some bacteria from IV fluids |
| hypertonic solution | a parenteral soln with a greater number of particles than the number of particles found in blood (greater than 285mOsm/L) |
| hypotonic solution | a parenteral soln with a lesser number of particles than the number of particles found in blood (less than 285 mOsm/L) |
| isotonic solution | a parenteral soln with a number of particles equal to the number of particles found in blood cells (equal to 285mOsm/L); NS is an isotonic soln |
| IV administration set | a sterile, pyrogen-free disposable device used to deliver IV fluids to patients |
| intravenous piggyback | IVPB |
| IVPB | a small-volume IV infusion (50mL, 100mL, sometimes 250mL) containing medication |
| intravenous push | IVP |
| IVP | the rapid injection of a medication in a syringe into an IV line or catheter in the patient's arm; AKA bolus injection |
| large-volume parenteral | LVP |
| LVP | an IV fluid preparation containing more than 250mL. Usually used to deliver TPN, fluids, electrolytes |
| nonpyrogenic | free of fever-producing microorganisms |
| osmolarity | the measure of millosmoles of solute per liter of solution (mOsm/L). Blood has an osmolarity of 285mOsm/L |
| osmotic pressure | the pressure required to maintain an equilibrium with no net movement of solvent |
| pH value | the scale on which the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution can be measured; on a scale of 0 to 14, values less than 7 are acidic, 7 is neutral, and values greater than 7 are basic, or alkaline |
| small-volume parenteral | SVP |
| SVP | an IV fluid of 250mL or less, usually used to infuse medications (rather than TPN, fluids, etc); AKA IVPB |
| spike | the sharp plastic end of IV tubing that is attached to an IV bag of fluid |
| Y-site | a rigid piece of plastic with one arm terminating in a resealable port that is used for adding medication to the IV |
| laminar air flow hood | maintains sterility of aseptic preparation area by providing a constant source of air blown across work surface, preventing pathogenic microorganisms from colonizing preparations |
| flow rate | the rate at which the solution is administered into the patient. When an infusion pump is used, flow rate is usually measured in mL/h; when an IV admin set is used, rate is usually measured in gtts/min |
| syringe | range in size from 0.3mL to 60mL; as a general rule, syringe size chosen to fill an order is one size larger than the volume to measured |
| admixture | the final mixture which is compounded when a drug (referred to as an additive) is added to a parenteral soln |
| needle sizes | indicated by length and guage. The higher the guage number, the smaller is the lumen. Large needles might be needed with highly viscous solns but are more likely to cause coring |
| biological safety cabinet | used in the preparation of hazardous drugs, BSCs protect both personnel and the environment from contamination. examples: glove-box, vertical laminar flow hood |
| total parenteral nutrition | TPN |
| TPN | complex admixtures composed of dextrose, fat, protein electrolytes, vitamins and trace elements. TPN is meant to provide a complete nutrition profile, based on individual patient need, for patients unable to acquire nutrition enterally |
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