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Leach PSY Chapter 5
Question | Answer |
---|---|
consciousness | awareness of oneself and one's environment |
selective attention | the focusing of attention on a particular stimulus |
preconscious | descriptive of information that is not conscious but is retrievable |
unconscious | according to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware but which influences our behavior |
nonconscious | descriptive of bodily processes, such as the growing of hair, of which we are not aware |
altered state of consciousness | a type of consciosness other than normal waking consciousness |
circadian rhythm | a regular sequence of biological processes, such as temperature and sleep, that occurs every 24 hours |
rapid-eye-movement sleep | a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and linked to dreaming |
insomnia | a sleep disorder characterized by recurring problems in falling asleep or staying asleep |
night terror | a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and apparent terror; seldom remembered |
sleep apnea | a sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted |
narcolepsy | an uncommon sleep disorder characrized by brief attacks of REM sleep, often at inopportune moments |
meditation | a systematic narrowing of attention that slows the metabolism and helps produce feelings of relaxation |
biofeedback | a system for monitoring and feeding back information about certain biological processes, such as blood pressure |
hypnosis | a condition in which people appear to be highly suggestible and to behave as if they are in a trance |
posthypnotic suggestion | instructions given to a person under hypnosis that are supposed to be carried out after the hypnosis session has ended |
addiction | a cumpulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance |
depressant | a drug that reduces neural activity and slows body functions |
intoxication | a state of drunkenness characterized by impaired coordination and judgment |
narcotic | a type of drug that dulls the senses, relieves pain, and induces sleep |
stimulant | a drug that increases neural activity and speeds up body functions |
amphetamine | a type of stumulant often used to stay awake or to reduce appetite |
hallucination | a false sensory perception that occurs in the absene of any actual stimulus |
delusion | an erroneous belief, as of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany crtain psychotic disorders |
hallucinogen | a psychedelic drug, such as LSD, that distorts perceptions and evokes sensory images in the absence of actual sesory input |
detoxification | the removal of a poisonous or otherwise harmful substance, such as alcohol or other drugs, from the body |