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Beaver Local 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The transfer of energy to an object by the application of a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force | Work |
| Work = force x distance | Work Equation |
| Work is measured in what SI unit? | Joules |
| For work to be done, the object that has the force applied HAS to move in the direction of that _________________ | force |
| The rate at which work is done, or how much work is done in a given amount of time | Power |
| Power = work/time | Power equation |
| The SI unit for power is expressed in what? | a watt |
| Does lifting a car by hand or by jack require the same amount of work? | Yes |
| Machines help do work by changing the ________ of an input force and/or the ______________ of the force | Size; direction |
| Machines make the force greater by decreasing the distance over which the force is applied | Multiplying the Force |
| Name 1 of 2 things that simple machines can do: | 1)exchange a force for distance 2)Change the direction of a force |
| The ratio between the output force and the input force is equal to the input distance and the output distance if friction is ignored | Mechanical Advantage Equation |
| The capacity to do work | Energy |
| What is energy associated with? | Energy is associated with the objects motion |
| Whenever work is done, energy is _____________ or _______________ from one system to another system. | transformed; transferred |
| T or F: Work is done only when an object experiences a change in its position or its motion | True |
| Energy is measured in what? | Joules |
| When can the amount of energy be calculated? | When energy is in motion OR at rest |
| The energy that an object has because of the position, shape, or condition of the object | Potential Energy |
| Potential energy is also called: | Energy of position |
| A rubber band STORES energy in the form of: | potential energy |
| Any system of two or more objects separated by a vertical distance has potential energy that results in a gravitational attraction between the objects called: | gravitational potential energy |
| A comparison in the amount of work you getout of a simple machine compared to the amount of work you put into a simple machine | Efficiency |
| Gravitational Potential Energy = mass X free-fall acceleration x height | PE = mgh |
| Once an object begins to move, it has the ability to do ___________. | Work |
| The energy an object has because it is moving is called: ___________________ | Kinetic Energy |
| The kinetic energy (KE) of an object depends on the object's _____________ and _________________. | Mass and Speed |
| Which has the ability to do more work if traveling at the same speed: a bowling ball or a tennis ball? | Bowling ball |
| Which can do more work: an apple falling at 10 m/s or an apple falling at 1 m/s? | Apple at 10 m/s |
| KE = 1/2 X mass X speed squared | Kinetic Energy Equation |
| Does kinetic energy depend MORE on speed or mass? | Speed |
| The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy is: | mechanical energy |
| The amount of work an object CAN do because of its potential and kinetic energies | mechanical energy |
| Energy _____________ changes from one form to another | readily |
| When a car is at its lowest point on the roller coaster, its energy is almost all _____________ | Kinetic |
| Energy cannot be created or destroyed | Law of conservation of energy |
| When no energy is transferred as heat or as work, mechanical energy is conserved | First Law of Thermodynamics |
| Why is it that: not all of the work done by a machine is useful work? | Because of friction and other factors |
| A quantity, usually expressed as a percentage, that measures the ratio of useful work outpul to work input | Efficiency |
| Useful work output / work input | Efficiency Equation |
| __________ is defined as force times distance | Work |
| The unit that represents 1 J of work done each second is the _______________ | Watt |
| The quantity that measures how much a machine multiplies force is called: _____________ | mechanical advantage |
| Is potential energy changed into kinetic energy in the following example: an apple falling from a tree. | Yes |
| Is potential energy changed into kinetic energy in the following example: a dart being shot from a spring-loaded gun | Yes |
| Is potential energy changed into kinetic energy in the following example: the string of a bow being pulled back | No |
| Is potential energy changed into kinetic energy in the following example: a creek flowing downstream | Yes |
| ________________ is determined by both mass and velocity | Kinetic energy |
| T or F: A machine CAN increase the total amount of work done | F: a machine CANNOT increase the total amount of work done |
| A machine that has a mechanical advantage of less than one increases speed and ______________ | distance |
| What type of potential energy is stored within food and used by the consumer of the food? | chemical energy |
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kjones0722
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