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Chapt 3-5
A & P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the top 2 cervical vertebra | Axis and Atlas |
| What is the Fontanel | Soft Spot on top of Baby's skull |
| What is Ossification | Bone growth, or process of bone formation |
| What are the 4 types of Bone structures | Long, Short, Flat and Irregular |
| Epiphysis | Large portion at the ends of the bone. |
| What are the 3 stages of bone growth? | Cartilage, Osteoblast, Osteocytes. |
| What are the 3 types of Joints | Synovial (Most common), Cartilaginous, Fibrous. |
| What are the components of the skeletal system? | Bones, Bone Marrow, Joints, Ligaments, Skeleton. |
| The appendicular Skeleton consists of? | Pectoral Girdle (Shoulders), Pelvic girdle, upper (arms), and Lower (legs) extremities. |
| What are the 3 types of muscle? | Skeletal, Striated, Voluntary. |
| What is yellow marrow made of? | Adipose |
| What part of the body creates blood? | Red bone marrow |
| What does the suffix "Stenosis" mean | Narrowing |
| What are the 3 layers of the skin? | Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous. |
| What is in the dermis layer? | Skin, Hair, Nails, Sweat Glands, Sebaceous Glands, Blood Vessels. |
| Medical term for a freckle or birthmark? | Mackle |
| Name the parts of the Integumentary System. | Skin, Hair, Sebaceous glands, Sweat glands. |
| Medical term for black and blue mark? | Ecchymosis |
| What is first degree burn? | Redness, superficial burn. |
| What is second degree burn? | Blistering, partial thicknessburn. |
| What is a third degree burn? | Charred skin, no pain, full thickness burn. |
| What is sebum? | Thick oily substance secreted by the sebaceous gland. Causes acne. |
| What are: Lordosis, Kyposis, Scoliosis? | Lordosis-Excessicve anterior lumbar (Swayback) Kyphosis-Curved posterior thoracic(hunchback) |
| What is included in the Axial Skeleton? | Head, Neck, Spine, Chest and Trunk |
| What is in the Appendicular Skeletal System? | Pectoral Girdle, Pelvic Girdle, Upper extermities, Lowner Extermities. |
| Medical term for irregular heartbeat? | Arrhythmia |
| 5 types of fractures? | Closed, Compound, Comminuted, Complete, Greenstick. |
| Closed Fracture? | No open wound, simple fracture. |
| Compound Fracture? | Skin is broken through, open fracture. |
| Communited? | Bone is shattered and/or crushed. Little pieces. |
| How many cervical vertebrae are there? | 7 (C1-C7) |
| How many thoracic vertebrae are there? | 12 (T1-T12) |
| How many lumbar vertebrae are there? | 5 (L1-L5) |
| What is the most common joint in the body? | Synovial joint |
| What is the difference between arteries and veins? | Arteries- Carry blood away from the heart. Veins- Carry blood to the heart. |
| A record of the electrical current of the heart is? | an Electrocardiogram |
| What is a treadmill test? | A test used to evaluate cardio fitness. |
| What is another name for the treadmill test? | Stress Test |
| Where does the left Atrium get it's blood from? | Lungs |
| What is Systemic Circulation? | Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart and to tissues and cells and back to the heart |
| What is Pulmonary Circulation? | deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygenated, then back to the lungs. |
| What is Myocardium? | Muscle of the heart |
| Which artery supplies blood to the myocarduim? | Coronary Arteries (Left and Right) |
| What is the node that regulated heartbeats? Natures pacemaker? | Sinotrial Node |
| Oxygen exchange happens in which vessels? | Capillaries |
| Alopecia | Loss of hair |
| Aneurysm | Weakness in the wall of an artery causing widening. |
| Anhidrosis | No sweat |
| Arrhythmia | Irregular heartbeat |
| Arthralgia | Pain in Joint |
| Arthr/o | Joint |
| Arthritis | Inflamation of a joint, painful, swelling. |
| Arthrodesis | Surgical fusion of a joint |
| Arthroscopy | visual exam of the inside of a joint with a camera/arthroscope. |
| Ausculation | Listening with a stethoscope |
| biopsy | removal of tissue to examine under a microscope |
| bx | biopsy |
| bradycardia | abnormally slow heartbeat |
| cardiomegaly | abmormaly enlarged heart |
| cost/o | rib |
| cyanosis | bluish color of the skin due to oxygen deficiency. |
| dermatome | Instrument for cutting the skin |
| derm | skin |
| dynia | tendon pain |
| erythroderma | red skin |
| Fibrillation | abnormal quivering or contractions of the heart |
| Fibromyalgia | Pain in the muscles and soft tissues |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| Jaundice | yellowing of the skin |
| Keloid | Scar |
| Melanin | Black pigment of the skin |
| Mye/o | Spinal Cord |
| Myocardial Infarction | Heart attack. Closure of the coronary arteries. |
| Necrosis | Dead Tissue |
| onych/o | Nails |
| Orth/0 | Straight, Normal, Correct |
| Orthopedist | Bone Doctor. Dr. who specializes in treatment of the musculoskeletal system. |
| Pericardium | Sac around the heart |
| Pil/o | Hair |
| Podiatrist | Foot and ankle doctor. |
| Pulse | Expansion and contraction caused by blood. |
| Rickets | Vit D and Calcium deficiency. |
| rrhaphy | Suture |
| Stenosis | Abnormal Narrowing |
| Tachycardia | High heart rate over 100 |
| Venipuncture | blood draw |
| What are the two types of sweat glands? | Acopine and Sudoriferous |
| Diaphasis | Middle of the bone |
| where does the pulmonary artery attach in the heart? | Right ventricle |
| Where does the aorta attach? | Left ventricle |
| Name the valves at the end of the aorta and the pulmonary arteries. | arotic semilunar valve and the pulmonary semilunar valve |
| Where does the superior and inferior venacava attach in the heart? | Right atrium |
| Distole | The relaxed state of the ventricle |
| Systole | The contracted state of the ventricles |
| Exo | Outside |
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