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Chapter 3 Vocab
Ms Amadors's AP Psychology Class- Ch 3 Vocab
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain genes |
| DNA | A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes |
| Genes | The biochemical unites of heredity that make up the chromosomes |
| Genome | The complete instructions for the of an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in its chromosomes |
| Mutation | a random error in gene replication that leads to a change in the sequence of nucleotides |
| Evolutionary Psychology | The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using the principles of natural selection |
| Gender | In psychology, the characteristics, whether biologically or socially influenced, by which people define male and female |
| Behavior Genetics | the study of the relative power and limits of genetic influences on behavior |
| Enviornment | Every non-genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us |
| Identical Twins | twins who develop from a singele fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical twins |
| Fraternal Twins | twins who develop from separate eggs |
| Temperment | a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity |
| Heritability | That proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes |
| Interaction | the dependence of the effect of one factor |
| Molecular Genetics | the sub field of biology that studies molecular structure and function of genes |
| Culture | the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next |
| Norm | an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe "Proper" behavior |
| Personal Space | The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies |
| Memes | Self-replicating ideas, fashions, and innovations passed from person to person |
| X Chromosome | the sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have 2; Males have 1. |
| Y Chromosome | Found only in males. When paired with the X sex chromosomefrom the mother, it produces a male child |
| Testosterone | Both males and females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in fetus and then Puberty |
| Role | a set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave |
| Gender Role | a set of expected behaviors for males and for females |
| Gender Identity | one's sense of being male or female |
| Gender Typing | the aquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role |
| Social Learning Theory | the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished |
| Gender Schema Theory | the theory that children learn from their cultures a concept of what it means to be male and female and that they adjust their behavior accordingly |
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