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Ch 13: CNS
CNS depressants and relaxers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Non REM | largest portion of sleep. has 4 stages and proceeds REM sleep |
| REM | vivid dreams and irregular breathing |
| REM interference | A drug induced reduction of REM sleep time |
| REM rebound | excessive REM sleep following discontiuation of a sleep altered drug |
| Therapuetic index | Ratio btwn toxic and therapeutic concentrations |
| Cyclobenzaprine *Amrix | *Skeletal muscle relaxant MOA: reduces tsomatic muscle activity at the brain stem. Reduction in muscle spasm Interactions: alcohol, antihistamones, opiod analgesics, seditives/hypnotics |
| Eszopiclone *Lunesta | *seditive/hypnotics; cyclopyrrolones; sch. 4 MOA: interacts with GABA receptors. NOT a benzodiazepine. Increases ability to sleep. Indications: insomnia SE: abnormal thinking and behavior |
| Flurazepam | *seditive/hypnotic; benzodiazepine MOA: depresses CNS Indications: short term insomnia SE: abnormal thinking and behavior |
| Barbiturates ** class *Phenobarbitl (anticon) | *CNS depressant and muscle relaxant; habit forming and low therapeutic index MOA:act on the brainstem. reduce nerve impulses to cerebral cortex. Raise seizure threshold Indication: hypnotic, seditive, anticon, and anes. SE: up liver funtions **idicta |
| Benzodiazepines ** class *anticon, Antianxiet, sed-hy | *anticon, Antianxiet, sed-hyp MOA: depress CNS, aff. hypothal, thal, and limbic. inhib. stimulaton of brain. supress REM sleep Indica: sleep induction, sedation, seizure disorder. **interactions, drugs |
| Ramelton *Rozerem | *sed-hyp; melatonin receptor agonists; share many chara. with benzodiazepines MOA: act. melatonin receptors, promoting sleep wake cycle Indicat: Insomnia SE: abnormal thinking and behavior |
| Temazepam | *Benzodiazepine, sed-hyp MOA: generalized CNS depression |
| Phenobarbitol | *barbiturate most perscribed; antiepilep, anticon, sed-hyp Long acting MOA: depress censory cortex, decr. motor ability, alter cerebral function, raise sezure threshold Intera: CNS depressants |
| Gamma-amniobutyric acid (GABA) | receptors in the brain for benzodiazepines. the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain and serves to inhibit over stimulation of the CNS |
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courtney995478
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