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cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis
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CH 7 Vocabulary
Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| small artery | arteriole |
| cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis | calyx or calix |
| tube for injecting or removing fluids | catheter |
| outer region of an organ | cortex |
| nigrogenous waste excreted in urine | creatinine |
| chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water | electrolye |
| hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by the marrow | erythropoietin |
| process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter | filtration |
| enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus | glomerular capsule |
| tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney | glomerulus |
| depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave | hilum |
| one of two bean shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region, filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine | kidney |
| opening or canal | meatus |
| inner region of an organ. | medulla |
| combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, re-absorption, and secretion take place in the kidney | nephron |
| substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine | nitrogenous waste |
| an electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood stream | potassium (K+) |
| process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream | reabsorption |
| blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney | renal artery |
| central collecting region in the kidney | renal pelvis |
| microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration | renal tubule |
| blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart | renal vein |
| hormone secreted by the kidney | renin |
| an electrolye regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions | sodium (Na+) |
| triangular area in the urinary bladder | trigone |
| major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine | urea |
| one of the tow tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder | ureter |
| tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body | urethra |
| nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine | uric acid |
| hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine | urinary bladder |
| process of expelling urine, also called micturition | urination (voiding) |
| cali/o, calic/o | calyx |
| cyst/o | urinary bladder |
| glomerul/o | glomerulus |
| meat/o | meatus |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| ren/o | kidney |
| trigon/o | trigone |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| vesic/o | urinary bladder |
| albumin/o | alburmin |
| azot/o | nitrogen |
| bacteri/o | bacteria |
| dips/o | thirst |
| kal/o | potassium |
| ket/o, keton/o | ketone bodies |
| lith/o | stone |
| natr/o | sodium |
| noct/o | night |
| olig/o | scanty |
| -poietin | substance that forms |
| py/o | pus |
| -tripsy | crushing |
| ur/o | urine (urea) |
| urin/o | urine |
| -uria | urination; urine condition |
| inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney | glomerulonephritis |
| inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules | interstitial nephritis |
| kidney stones (renal calculi) | nephrolithiasis |
| group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine | nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis) |
| multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney | polycystic kidney disease |
| inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal paranchyma | pyelonephritis |
| cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood | renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma) |
| kidney decreases excretion of wastes as a result of impaired filtration function | renal failure |
| high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease | renal hypertention |
| malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood | Wilms tumor |
| malignant tumor of the urinary bladder | bladder cancer |
| antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequetely, or the kidney is resistant to its effect | diabetes insipidus |
| insulin is not secreted adequately or note used properly in the body | diabetes mellitus |
| measurement of urea levels in the blood | blood urea nitrogen (BUN) |
| measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney | creatinine clearance |
| xray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder | KUB |
| xray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney | renal angiography |
| xray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder | retrograde pyelogram (RP) |
| xray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained white the patient is voiding | voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) |
| image of the kidney after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream | radioisotope scan |
| direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope | cystoscopy |
| process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood | dialysis |
| urinary tract stones are crushed | lithotripsy |
| dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries | renal angioplasty |
| removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination | renal biopsy |
| surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient | renal transplantation |
| passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder | urinary catheterization |
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