Urinary System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| small artery | arteriole
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| cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis | calyx or calix
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| tube for injecting or removing fluids | catheter
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| outer region of an organ | cortex
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| nigrogenous waste excreted in urine | creatinine
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| chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water | electrolye
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| hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by the marrow | erythropoietin
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| process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter | filtration
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| enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus | glomerular capsule
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| tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney | glomerulus
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| depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave | hilum
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| one of two bean shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region, filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine | kidney
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| opening or canal | meatus
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| inner region of an organ. | medulla
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| combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, re-absorption, and secretion take place in the kidney | nephron
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| substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine | nitrogenous waste
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| an electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood stream | potassium (K+)
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| process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream | reabsorption
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| blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney | renal artery
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| central collecting region in the kidney | renal pelvis
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| microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration | renal tubule
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| blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart | renal vein
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| hormone secreted by the kidney | renin
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| an electrolye regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions | sodium (Na+)
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| triangular area in the urinary bladder | trigone
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| major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine | urea
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| one of the tow tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder | ureter
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| tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body | urethra
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| nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine | uric acid
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| hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine | urinary bladder
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| process of expelling urine, also called micturition | urination (voiding)
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| cali/o, calic/o | calyx
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| cyst/o | urinary bladder
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| glomerul/o | glomerulus
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| meat/o | meatus
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| pyel/o | renal pelvis
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| ren/o | kidney
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| trigon/o | trigone
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| ureter/o | ureter
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| urethr/o | urethra
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| vesic/o | urinary bladder
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| albumin/o | alburmin
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| azot/o | nitrogen
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| bacteri/o | bacteria
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| dips/o | thirst
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| kal/o | potassium
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| ket/o, keton/o | ketone bodies
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| lith/o | stone
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| natr/o | sodium
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| noct/o | night
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| olig/o | scanty
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| -poietin | substance that forms
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| py/o | pus
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| -tripsy | crushing
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| ur/o | urine (urea)
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| urin/o | urine
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| -uria | urination; urine condition
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| inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney | glomerulonephritis
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| inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules | interstitial nephritis
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| kidney stones (renal calculi) | nephrolithiasis
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| group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine | nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis)
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| multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney | polycystic kidney disease
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| inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal paranchyma | pyelonephritis
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| cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood | renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma)
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| kidney decreases excretion of wastes as a result of impaired filtration function | renal failure
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| high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease | renal hypertention
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| malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood | Wilms tumor
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| malignant tumor of the urinary bladder | bladder cancer
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| antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequetely, or the kidney is resistant to its effect | diabetes insipidus
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| insulin is not secreted adequately or note used properly in the body | diabetes mellitus
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| measurement of urea levels in the blood | blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
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| measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney | creatinine clearance
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| xray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder | KUB
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| xray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney | renal angiography
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| xray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder | retrograde pyelogram (RP)
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| xray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained white the patient is voiding | voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
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| image of the kidney after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream | radioisotope scan
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| direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope | cystoscopy
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| process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood | dialysis
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| urinary tract stones are crushed | lithotripsy
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| dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries | renal angioplasty
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| removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination | renal biopsy
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| surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient | renal transplantation
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| passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder | urinary catheterization
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