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Blood Vocab
Chapter 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 components of whole blood | blood plasma, formed elements |
| 3 components of blood plasma | protiens, water, other solutes |
| 3 main protiens found in blood | albumins, globulins, fibrogen |
| 6 solutes commonly found in blood | electrolytes, nutrients, gasses, regulatory substances, vitamins, waste products |
| what is the definition of a formed element? | red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets |
| what er the 3 classes of formed elements? | red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets |
| 5 classes of white blood cells | neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils |
| relationship between erythrocyte and erythropoesis? | formation of RBC's is erythropoesis, and this process creates erythrocytes. |
| relationship between reticulocytes and red blood cells? | a reticulocyte is an immature red blood cells |
| neutrophil | type of wbc with a pale lilac stain and combination of basic dyes. |
| monocyte | largest type of wbc characterized by a granular cytoplasm. function: phagocytosis |
| eosinophil | combats the effects of histamine in allergic reactions, antibody functions |
| B, T, and Nastural Killer cells | mediate immune responses, anitibody reactions, attack viruses, attack infections and cancer/tumor cells |
| what is hemostasis? | a sequences of responses that stop bleeding when blood vessels are injured |
| 3 methods of hemostasis | vascular spasm, platlet plug formation, blood clotting |
| hemorrage | the loss of a large amount of blood from vessels |
| vascular spasm | the muscle around the injured vessel contracts cutting off blood loss |
| platelet plug formation | when blood platelets come into contact with the injured blood vessel, they stick together and forma a plug to block the blood loss. |
| clotting | fibrin in the blood forms a clot to block the loss of blood |
| thrombus VS emblous | thrombus- a blood clot, can dissolve spontaniously. emblous- blood clot, air bubble, basicallly any debris in the blood |
| pulmonary embolism | when an embolus gets lodged in the lungs. can result in DEATH |
| reticylocyte | counting the volume of reticulocytes in a samle of blood that measures the rate of erythropoesis |
| hematocrit | counting the percent of a blood samplethat is composed of RBC's. Can diagnose anemia. |
| differincial WBC count | wounts different forms of Wbc's to assess for infectionsand making of wbcs. |
| complets blood count | measure the volume of blood components to see if anything is out of range. |
| -emia | blood condition |
| erythro- | red |
| gluco- | sugar, glucose |
| glyco- | sugar, sweet |
| hemo, hemato | blood, hemorrage |
| -rrhagia | hemorrage, excessive discharge |
| phlebo | vein |
| thrombo | blood clot |
| what makes blood groups differnt from each other? | presence or absence of certian antigens |
| how is type A diff from type b? | use a Rbcs to diplay when antigen A is present, they have type A. if antigen B, then type B. |
| HOw is AB diff from A or B? | type AB has both A and B antigens |
| what does anti-antigen A do? what does anti-antigen B do? | a- anti-A antibody reacts with anitegen A< B reacts with B |
| who has an anti-A antibody? who does not? | antigens ofn the surface of RBC's , but antiblody B is in your blood plasma. |
| who has an anti-B antibody? who does not? | B antigens on the surface of RBC's , but A- antibodies in the blood plasma. |
| what happens in an incompatible blood transfusion? | the antibodies in the recipients plasma bind to antigens on the donated RBC's. when antigen antibody complexes form, they cause hemolysisand release hemoglogin into the plasma. |
| what is the diff between Rh+ and Rh- blood? | People whose RBC's have the Rh antigen are Rh+, and those who lack are Rh- |
| anemia | a condition which whr oxygen carrying capactity of blood os reduced. SYmptoms: fatigue, intolerance of cold, pale skin |
| what is the cause of Iron-dificiency anemia? | inadequate absorption of iron, excessive iron loss, insuffiecent iron intake |
| what is the cause of pernicious anemia? | insuffient hemopoiesisresulting from an inibility of the stomach to produce intrinsic factor. |
| what is the cause of hemorrhagic anemia? | excessive loss of RBC's throuch bleeding resulting from serious injuries, ect. |
| what is the cause of hemolytic anemia? | inherited defects or from outside agents such as paracites , toxins, ect. |
| what is th cause of thalassemia(anemia)? | abnormallity in the 4 polypeptide chains of the hemoglobin molecule |
| What is the cause of aplastic anemia? | destruction of red blood marrow caused by toxins, gamma rays, certain meds. |
| What are the symptoms and causes of sickle cell anemia? | causes: RBC's contain an abnormal kind of hemoglobincalled S or HbS. |
| hemophilia | causes: differnces or different blood clotting factors symptoms: hemorraging, nosebleeds, blood i urine |
| luekemia | mature leukocytes accumulate in the bloodstream because they dont die at the end of their lifespan. |
Created by:
sarahbeth.wood
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