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AST 1002_Test #1
Study major contributions of early astronomers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was Aristotle's major contribution to Astronomy? | Developed the geocentric model which argued that Earth was imperfect and lay at the center of the universe. |
| What was Ptolemy's major contribution to astronomy? | Created a mathematical model of Aristotelian model which included epicycles and deferents. Was based on uniform circular motion. |
| What was Copernicus' major contribution to astronomy? | Proposed a heliocentric model in which the sun, not the Earth, was the center of the universe. |
| What was Tycho Brahe's major contribution to astronomy? | He was able to devise new and better instruments that allowed highly accurate observations of the stars, sun, moon, and planets. |
| What was Kepler's major contribution to astronomy? | Developed three fundamental laws of planetary motion. Discovered planets travel in ellipses not circles. |
| What were some of Galileo's major contributions to astronomy? | Used telescope to make observations in space that proved the sun was at the center of the universe: mountains, valleys, craters on moon, Jupiter's four moons, Phases of Venus. |
| What were some of Newton's major contributions to astronomy? | Laws of motion related the motion of a body to the forces acting on it. Orbital motion and the force of gravity explained motion of the moon. Gravity of moon causes the tides. |
| What were some of the contributions of ancient astronomers such as the Chinese, Islamic, Mesopotamians, and Babylonians? | Constellations, rising and setting of sun, moon and stars, phases of the moon, seasons, eclipses. |