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pht 101 c5p5

chapter 5 part 5

QuestionAnswer
But, some viruses cause normal cells to transform into cancer cells
Antivirals prevent virus cell replication without interfering with host cell’s normal function because its Difficult to develop
Antiviral Systemic Agents are foscarnet (Foscavir), ganciclovir (Cytovene), oseltamivir (Tamiflu), ribavirin (Copegus, Rebetol, Virazole), rimantadine (Flumadine), valacyclovir (Valtrex), valganciclovir (Valcyte), & zanamivir (Relenza)
Other Antiviral Systemic Agents are acyclovir (Zovirax), amantadine (Symmetrel), cidofovir (Vistide), & famciclovir (Famvir)
an Antiviral Ocular Agent is ganciclovir (Vitrasert)
Therapeutic Uses of Antivirals are for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, Herpes simplex, Herpes simplex keratitis, Herpes zoster (shingles), Influenza prophylaxis, Varicella (chicken pox), & Hepatitis B
Side Effects of Antivirals Range from mild to severe such as, Mild headache & Severe renal disorders
amantadine (Symmetrel) Inhibits uncoating which prevents absorption of viral particles into host cell, Used for influenza A prophylaxis or treatment, Also used for Parkinson disease, & Rare side effects
Amatadine, rimantadine, and ranitidine can be easily confused
Use dosing and indications to keep Amatadine, rimantadine, and ranitidine straight
acyclovir (Zovirax) is Used for Genital herpes, Acute herpes zoster (shingles), Varicella (chicken pox), & Herpes encephalitis (in IV form)
There are a Range of short- and long-term side effects for acyclovir (Zovirax)
famciclovir (Famvir) is Used for Acute herpes zoster (shingles), Herpes simplex in immunocompromised, & Genital herpes
famciclovir (Famvir) is a Prodrug that’s Dosed less frequently than acyclovir
ganciclovir (Cytovene) is Used for cytomegalovirus (CMV) in immunocompromised
When mixing ganciclovir (Cytovene), technicians must use chemotherapy agent precautions and label correctly
Cytovene with dosages of 250 mg and 500 mg Can be confused with Cytosar (chemotherapy agent) with dose of 10 mg
Patients given ganciclovir (Cytovene) or foscarnet (Foscavir) IV must be well hydrated
There are Usually “standing orders” for hydration when prescribed ganciclovir (Cytovene) or foscarnet (Foscavir), If not contact pharmacist or prescriber
oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Prevents influenza A and B
Initiate oseltamivir (Tamiflu) within 48 hours of symptom onset
Food improves tolerance of oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
ribavirin (Virazole) is an Inhalant antiviral, maximum absorption with aerosol generator via an endotracheal tube
ribavirin (Virazole) are For viral infections and children with RSV
ribavirin (Virazole) Side effects fatigue, headache, insomnia, nausea, anorexia
ribavirin (Virazole) can’t be taken in relation to pregnancy
rimantadine (Flumadine) is Used for influenza prophylaxis or treatment
rimantadine (Flumadine) has Fewer side effects than amantadine (Symmetrel)
valacyclovir (Valtrex) is For herpes zoster in immunocompetent adults and genital herpes
valacyclovir (Valtrex) is Taken within 48 hours of onset of zoster rash with water
valacyclovir (Valtrex) Shortens postherpetic neuralgia duration
valacyclovir (Valtrex) Side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation
Created by: moekah
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