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Pharm - Ch. 18
Adrenergic Antagonists
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adrenergic antagonists cause ___ blockage of adrenergic receptors | Direct |
| What are the major groups of adrenergic antagonists? | Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents and beta-adrenergic blocking agents |
| Alpha blockers do what to BP? | Reduce BP, especially in patients with hypertension. Result of blockade of alpha1 receptors on blood vessels |
| How do alpha blockers reduce symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia? | Block alpha1 receptors in bladder neck/prostatic capsule, causes smooth muscle to relax |
| What are the major adverse effects of alpha blockers? | Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nasal congestion, inhibition of ejaculation |
| First-dose effect refers to... | First dose of alpha blocker that can cause syncope from profound orthostatic hypotension |
| What is the name of a frequently used alpha blocker? | Prazosin |
| Prazosin is a ____ antagonist that produces ____ blockade of ____ receptors | Competitive, selective, alpha1 |
| What is Prazosin used for? | Hypertension and BPH |
| What is the therapeutic effect of Prazosin? | Dilation of arterioles/veins, relaxation of smooth muscle in bladder neck and prostate |
| How can one eliminate the risk of first-dose effect? | Administering initial dose at bedtime |
| ____ blockers produce most of their beneficial effects by blocking ___ receptors in heart | Beta, beta1 |
| Beta blockers cause what therapeutic effects? | Reduce heart rate, force of contraction, AV conduction |
| What are the principal indications for beta blockers? | Hypertension, angina pectoris, heart failure, supraventricular tachydysrhythmias |
| Potential adverse effects from beta1 blockade are.... | Bradycardia, reduced cardiac output, AV block, precipitation of heart failure, rebound cardiac excitation |
| What are the principal indications for beta blockers? | Hypertension, angina pectoris, heart failure, supraventricular tachydysrhythmias |
| Potential adverse effects from beta1 blockade are.... | Bradycardia, reduced cardiac output, AV block, precipitation of heart failure |
| What are the different groups of beta blockers? | Nonselective beta blockers and cardioselective blockers |
| What is an example of a nonselective beta blocker? | Propranolol |
| What is an example of cardioselective beta blocker? | Metoprolol |
| Propranolol blocks beta1 receptors in which organs? | Cardiac beta1 receptors, blocking of renal beta1 receptors |
| What is an example of cardioselective beta blocker? | Metoprolol |
| Propranolol blocks beta1 receptors in which organs? | Cardiac beta1 receptors, blocking of renal beta1 receptors |
| Propranolol blocks beta2 receptors, which produces what major effects? | Bronchoconstriction, vasoconstriction, reduced glycogenolysis |
Created by:
choel
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