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Pharm - Ch. 16

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

QuestionAnswer
What are two types of drugs that block nicotinic cholinergic receptors? Neuromuscular (at NMJ junction block nicotinicM), and ganglionic (at autonomic ganglia block nicotinicN)
Whih type has the most clinical applications? Neuromuscular
Explain how skeletal muscle contraction is sustained Repetitive activation by nicotinicM receptors on motor end-plate, causing repeated cycles of depolarization and repolarization
Neuromuscular blockers produce what effect? Muscle relaxation
What types of neuromuscular blockers are there? Nondepolarizing and depolarizing
What are nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers? Neuromuscular blockers that compete with ACh for nicotinicM receptors
What is the oldest example of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker? Tubocurarine
Can tubocurarine readily cross membranes? No, due to positive charge
How is tubocurarine administered? Parenterally
True or false: because neuromuscular blockers can cross blood-brain and placenta barriers, they have significant effects on CNS and fetus FALSE. Doesn't cross either barriers.
What is the name of the depolarizing neuromuscular blocker? Succinylcholine
What is succinycholine used for? Muscle relaxation during surgery, endotracheal tubing, mechanical ventilation, electroshock therapy
Succinylcholine is degraded at what speed? Rapidly by pseudocholinesterase
True or false: Succinylcholine results in brief paralysis. True
Patients with low ___ ChE activity have prolonged effects of succinylcholine plasma
True or false: neuromuscular blockers reduce consciousness or pain False
ChE inhibitors can reduce the effects of ____ neuromuscular blockers. Nondepolarizing
True or false: ChE inhibitors intensify effects of tubocurarine False. Intensify succinylcholine
What is the major adverse effect of neuromuscular blockers? Respiratory depression
What is a major adverse effect of succinylcholine? Malignant hyperthermia
Why are neuromuscular blockers used in surgery? Relaxation of skeletal muscles makes surgery easier and allow decrease in dose of general anesthetic
What is the preferred blocker used during electroshock therapy? Succinylcholine due to short duration
Created by: choel
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