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CA Early Infancy
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Habituation | attention decreases after 1st exposure |
dishabituation | slight change in original stimulus, increases attention |
reflexes | automatic responses, usually disappear within a few months while some return as more complex behavior, evolution, absence of reflex could mean brain damage |
babinski reflex | curl toes, putting feet on ground |
moro reflex | loud noise or dropped feeling |
palmar grasping reflex | grip so tight, can lift a kid up by his fingers |
rooting reflex | turn toward cheek being stroked |
stepping reflex | start stepping when being controlled walking |
imitation | can imitate simple expressions on the human face, opening mouth and sticking out tongue, |
smiling | biological & social |
biological smiling | during REM sleep, same brain patterns as when awake |
social smiling | learn from environment, interaction and feedback needed, critical period |
biological-maturation | natural biological stages, brain matures over time, shift from reflex to coordinated movement |
environmental learning | classical and operating conditioning |
classical conditioning | neutral stimulus associated with another stimulus leading to a reflexive response, pavlov with bell |
operant conditioning | behavior followed by a stimulus that will influence the probability of the behavior occurring again |
reinforcement | increase behavior |
punishment | decrease behavior |
constructivist | biological-maturation, environmental influence and child's effect on the environment |
Paiget | schemas, assimilation, accommodation |
schemas | born with schemas, become more complex |
assimilation | add information to existing schemas |
accommodation | does not fit so need new categories |
Stages | sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational |
cultural context | cultural variations, mothers contribution, culutural designs for living, active contribution of others |