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RT Chapter 23

Obstructive Lung Disease: COPD, Asthma, and Related Diseases

QuestionAnswer
acute exacerbation of COPD state of worsening, often defined by the need to increase medication or to escalate care
airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) state of airways that cause them to constrict abnormally in response to stress or insults
airway inflammation acute inflammation of the lungs contracted form the environment
airway obstruction state of abnormally slowed expiration, characterized most commonly by a decrease in FEV1
asthma respiratory disorder characterized by recurring episodes of paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing on expiration/inspiration caused by constriction of bronchi, coughing, and viscous mucoid bronchial secretions
bronchiectasis abnormal condition of bronchial tree characterized by irreversible dilation and destruction of bronchial walls
bronchocilator substance, especially a drug that relaxes contraction of the smooth muscle of bronchioles to improve ventilation to lungs
bronchospasm abnormal contraction of smooth muscle of bronchi, resulting in acute narrowing and obstruction
chronic bronchitis acute or chronic inflammation of mucous membranes of tracheobronchial tree
cystic fibrosis autosomal recessive disease characterized by pancreatic insufficiency, abnormally thick secretions from exocrine glands, and increased concentration of sodium and chloride in sweat glands
emphysema destructive process of lung parenchyma leading to permanent enlargement of distal air spaces, classified as either centrilobular or panlobular
noninvasive ventilation mechanical ventilation performed without intubation or tracheostomy, usually with mask ventilation
supplemental oxygen oxygen delivered at concentration exceeding 21% to increase amount circulating into blood
Created by: brianna_lynn
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