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pht 101 c3p3

chapter 3 part 3

QuestionAnswer
Factors That Influence Drug Action Age & Disease
Age Children and elderly may need reduced dose due to smaller size or inability of liver to metabolize medication
Physiologic and genetic factors influence drug action
Disease Specific diseases may hinder absorption, metabolism, or excretion of drugs
Immune responses influence drug action
Aging affects chemical reactions that drugs undergo in the body and how the body reacts to the drugs
4 out of 5 elderly have at least 1 chronic disease
Altered drug responses in the elderly are due to age-related changes in organ function and body compositional changes
Physiologic changes are Visual, Auditory, Gastrointestinal, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Renal, Hormonal, & Body composition
Age-related changes in organ functions and body composition can alter responses to medication
Absorption changes GI function
Distribution changes protein binding
Elimination changes liver and kidneys
Metabolism changes clearance decreases
Polypharmacy many elderly take 3 to 12 medications
There’s a disproportionate number of adverse drug reactions (ADRs)
Beers List contains drugs especially important to monitor in elderly
Noncompliance failure to adhere to the appropriate drug regimen
Common Adverse Reactions in the Elderly Central nervous system changes, Constipation, Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Drowsiness, Falls, GI upset, Incontinence, Insomnia, Rheumatoid symptoms, Sexual dysfunction, Urinary retention, & Xerostomia (dry mouth)
when being of service to elderly patients Provide written information for the patients, Show aids to dosing and remembering to take medication, & Communicate with empathy, not sympathy
There’s a wide variation between age and degree of organ-system development
Body surface area is the best measurement to use in determining dosage, but difficult to ascertain
Weight is most often used in determining dosage
Technicians always refer dosage questions to the pharmacist
Be sure dosage is appropriate for child’s age
Always double-check all computations
Reevaluate all doses at regular intervals
Created by: moekah
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