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pht 101 c2p2
chapter 2 part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Elimination | removal of a drug or its metabolites from the body |
| Clearance is the rate at which a drug is | eliminated from a specific volume of blood per unit of time |
| The kidneys and the liver are the primary sites of elimination, but drugs can also | be exhaled by the lungs or excreted in perspiration |
| Pharmacokinetic processes determine how a drug should be | administered to obtain a specific response |
| Treat disease state, not | produce toxicity |
| A dose is a quantity of | drug administered at one time |
| Ceiling effect is a point at which | no clinical response occurs with increased dosage |
| Dose Response Curve is the ceiling effect when the greater doses of a drug is given and | a greater response is noted until a point is reached when no increased response occurs with increased dosing |
| Testing of fluids over time demonstrates how | the body handles a drug |
| Trough is lowest level of | drug in blood |
| Peak is highest level of | drug in blood |
| Bioavailability is the portion of dose that becomes | biologically active in the body |
| Oral drugs go into | intestinal wall, liver, blood, and then to systemic site |
| Metabolism in the liver before a drug reaches systemic circulation is | first-pass effect |
| A therapeutic Range is the optimum dosage that provides | best chance for successful drug therapy |
| Under dosing has little effect, therapeutic effects can range from weak to strong depending on dose levels, and | excess dosing can lead to side effects like toxicity and possible death |
| When the amount of drug gives desired response, drug is at | therapeutic level |
| The duration of Action is the length of time a drug gives the desired response | or is at therapeutic level |
| Duration of Action is when the plasma drug concentration must reach a | minimum therapeutic level before physiological activity is noted |
| After 3 hours of drug receiving, the response is | onset of drug action |
| At the 5th hour the | response peaks |
| By the 7th hour | the drug action terminates |
| The minimum therapeutic level approaches before | the 8th hour |
| Volume of distribution is important for | calculating the loading dose, clearance for calculating the maintenance dose, and half-life for determining the dosing interval |
| Pharmacokinetic Modeling is the method of describing the ADME of | a drug within the body mathematically |
| receptor | a protein molecule on the surface of or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, thereby producing some effect within the cell |
| specificity | the property of a receptor site that enables it to bind only with a specific chemical messenger; to bind with a specific cell type, the messenger must have a chemical structure that is complementary to the structure of that cell's receptors |
| affinity | the strength by which a particular chemical messenger binds to its receptor site on a cell |
| homeostasis | stability of the organism |
Created by:
moekah
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