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Culture SOCI1010
Introduction to Sociology Chp 2: Culture, De More
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| culture | the ways of thinking, acting and the material objects that together, form a people's way of life |
| society | people who interact in a defined territory and share a culture |
| culture shock | personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life |
| symbol | anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share a culture |
| language | a system of symbols that allows people to communicate with one another |
| cultural transmission | the process by which one generation passes culture to the next |
| Sapir-Whorf thesis | the idea that people see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language |
| values | culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living (equal opportunity, individualism etc) |
| beliefs | specific ideas that people hold to be true |
| norms | rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members |
| mores | norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance (incest) |
| folkways | norms for routine or casual interaction |
| technology | knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings |
| hunting and gathering | the use of simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation for food |
| horticulture | the use of hand tools to raise crops |
| pastoralism | domestication of animals |
| agricultural | large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful energy sources |
| industry | the production of good using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery |
| postindustrialism | the production of information using computer technology |
| high culture | cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite |
| popular culture | cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population |
| subculture | cultural patterns that set apart a segment of of society's population |
| multiculturalism | a perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the United sates and promoting equal standing for all cultural traditions |
| Eurocentrism | the dominance of European (especially English) cultural patterns |
| Afrocentrism | emphasizing and promoting African cultural patterns |
| counterculture | cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society |
| cultural integration | the close relationships among various elements of a cultural system |
| cultural lag | the fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others, disrupting a cultural system |
| ethnocentrism | the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture |
| cultural relativism | the practice of judging a culture by its own standards |
| cultural universals | traits that are part of every known culture (ex: incest taboo) |
| sociobiology | a theoretical approach that explores ways in which human biology affects how we create culture |
Created by:
MrsAFlaherty
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