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Nervous and Endocrin
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are Neurons | Specialized nerve cells that transmit ELECTROCHEMICAL messages |
| What are electrochemicals | chemicals are used to make little sparks shoot through the nerves |
| Tell me about an electrochemical impulse | may travel as fast as 150 m/s per second or as slow as .2 m/s |
| Name the part of a nerve structure | Cell Body - dendrites - axons |
| What is a cell body | It is the center of a nerve cell, it has a nucleus and other cell organelles |
| Whare are dendrites | They are the receiving end of a nerve cell. *They are usually short and they branch out. *Nerves receive info (electrochemical impulses) through one of many dendrites. |
| What is an AXON | It is the transmitting end of the nerve cell *Can be short or a meter long and has one or more branches *nerves send info electrochemical impulses) through its axon |
| What is an axon terminal | end of axon where it conncects to other nerve cells or muscles |
| What are sensory neurons? | information collection to the cenral nervous system *they gather info about what is happending in and around your body *specialized ends called receptors (similar to dendrites) |
| What do the receptors of the sensory neurons do | detect changes iside and outside the body |
| what does a motor neuron do | it sends info away from the central nervous system *it sends sends the info in an electro-chemical spark, thus making muscles contract |
| Tell me about nerves | collection of axons or neurons bundled together *bundles include blood vessels and connective tissue *nerves go everywhere in your body *most nerve have axons of both sensory and motor neurons |
| Somatic and Autonomic nervous systems are ____ | All MOTOR NEURONS |
| Somatic nervous system | motor neurons that are under conscious control *they stimulate skeletal muscles *they control voluntary movements such as writing, talking, smiling, jumping |
| What is the autonomic nervous system | motor neurons that don't need your conscious control *motor neurons that control body functions that you don't think about, such as heart digestion respiration |
| what is the main function of the autonomic nervous system | to keep the body in balance |
| what does sympathetic nervous system do | it gets the body ready for emergencies, such as in flight or fight, |
| what happens in flight or fight | heart rate increases, pupils dilate, blood vessels and brochioles dilate, and digestion slows down |
| What is the parasympathetic nervous system | it calms the body down, it is usually after the emergency is over. heart rate slows, pulis return to normal, blood vessels and bronchioles return to normal and digestion returns to normal |
| The central nervous system does what | receives information from the sensory neurons and responds by sending messages to the body through the motor neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system |
| the central nervous system consists of what | brain and spinal cord |
| tell me about the brain | it is the control center, it is the larges organ in the CNS, many processess happen automatically or involuntarily with heart rate, digestion and respiration *other actions happen only when you want them to or voluntarily like moving your arm or leg |
| name the three parts of the brain | Cerebrum cerebellum medulla |
| tell me about the cerebrum | it if the largest part of the brain, it is an area where thinking is done and memories are stored, it controls voluntary actions and allows you to sense touch, light, sound, odors, taste, hea, pain and cold |
| tell me about the cerebellum | it is the second larges part of the brain, it gets its info from muscles,helps brain keep track of yours bodies position and balance |
| tell me about the medulla | it is 3 cm long, controls involuntary body processes such as respiration, heart beat and digestion it is part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord. |
| the spinal cord is made up of what | neurons and budles of axons that pass info to and from the brain, it is protected by back bones called VERTEBRAE, the spinal cord helps connect the brain with the peripheral nervous system |
| what is a reflex | immediate involuntary response to a stimuli such as an emergency response |
| what happens when the reflex is triggered | the sensory neuron gets a signal and sends a message directly to the motor neurons |
| do the messages that are sent with a reflex pass through the brain (CNS) | NO |
| what is a regular sensory pathway | a voluntary response to the environment |
| how does the regular sensory pathway work | when a sensory neurons get a signal a message is sent to nerves in spinal cord, the nerve in the spinal cord sends a message (electrical impulse) to the brain. the nerves in the brain send a message around until a response is determined. |
| regular sensory pathway (continued) | the brain sends a message to motor neruon in spinal cord. the motor neuron in spinal cord sends impulse to motor neurons necessary to make desired response. ie move arm to swat fly. the motor neuronss send impulses to muscles to make desired response |
| what is sense of touch | what you feel when sensors of the skin are stimulated. the stimulus of touch stimulates sensory neurons of the skin and sends electrical impulses to the brain |
| what is sense of sight | this sense allows people to see size, shape, motion and color of objects |
| How does sense of hearing work | sound moves through the air as energy waves, like a ripple on the top of water |
| what are the parts of taste sensors describe each | papillae-bumps on tongue that contain taste buds taste buds-sensory neurons in papillae |
| what do olfactory cells do | allow you to smell via receptor cells |
| what is the endocrine system | it is collecion of glands and groups of cells that secrete hormones |
| what is a gland | group of cells that make special chemical messengers (hormones) for your body |
| what is a hormone | chemical messenger in one cell or tissue that causes a change in another cell or tissue |
Created by:
cherrle
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