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HumanSexualityNAT150
Understanding Human Sexuality - 4th Canadian Edition (NAT 150 BC)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Genital self-image | Our attitudes and feelings towards our genitals. |
| Vulva (VULL-vuh) | The collective term for the external genitals of the female. |
| Clitoris (KLIT-or-is) | A small, highly sensitive sexual organ in the female, found in front of the vaginal entrance. |
| Mons pubis (PYOO-bis) | The fatty pad of tissue under the pubic hair. |
| Outer lips | Rounded pads of fatty tissue lying on either side of the vaginal entrance. |
| Inner lips | Thin folds of skin lying on either side of the vaginal entrance. |
| Bartholin glands | Two tiny glands located on either side of the vaginal entrance. |
| Perineum (pair-ih-NEE-um) | The skin between the vaginal entrance and the anus. |
| Introitus | Another word for the vaginal entrance. |
| Vestibule | Area of the villa enclosed by the inner lips. |
| Hymen (HYE-men) | A thin membrane that may partially cover the vaginal entrance. |
| Vagina (vuh-JINE-uh) | The tube-shaped organ in the female into which the penis is inserted during coitus and through which a baby passes during birth. |
| Pubococcygeus muscle (pyoo-bo-cox-ih-GEE-us) | A muscle around the vaginal entrance. |
| Vestibular bulbs | Erectile tissue running under the inner lips and Skene's gland. |
| Skene's gland | The female prostate. Also called the paraurethral gland. |
| Uterus (YOO-tur-us) | The organ in the female in which the fetus develops. |
| fallopian (fuh-LOW-pee-un) tubes | The tubes extending from the uterus to the ovaries; AKA oviducts. |
| Ovaries | Two organs in the female that produce eggs and sex hormones. |
| Penis | The male external sexual organ, which functions both in sexual activity and in urination. |
| Corpora cavernosa | Spongy bodies running the length of the top of the penis. |
| Corpus spongiosum | A spongy body running the length of the underside of the penis. |
| Foreskin | A layer of skin covering the glans or top of the penis in an uncircumcised male; AKA prepuce. |
| Circumcision | Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis. |
| Supercision (superincision) | A form of male genital cutting in which a slit is made the length of the foreskin on top. |
| Subincision | A form of male genital cutting in which a slit is made on the lower side of the penis along its entire length. |
| Scrotum (SKROH-tum) | The pouch of skin that contains the testes in the male. |
| Testes | The pair of glands in the scrotum that manufacture sperm and sex hormones. |
| Seminiferous (sem-ih-NIFF-ur-us) tubules | Tubes in the testes that manufacture sperm. |
| Interstitial (int-er-STIH-shul) cells | Cells in the testes that manufacture testosterone. |
| Sperm | The mature male reproductive cell, capable of fertilizing an egg. |
| Epididymis (ep-ih-DIH-dih-mus) | A highly coiled tube located on the edge of the testis, where sperm mature. |
| Vas deferens | The tube through which sperm pass on their way from the testes and epididymis, out of the scrotum, and to the urethra. |
| Seminal vesicles | Saclike structures that lie above the prostate, which produce about 70 percent of the seminal fluid. |
| Prostate | The gland in the male, located below the bladder, that secretes some of the fluid in semen. |
| Cowper's glands | Glands that secrete a clear alkaline fluid into the male's urethra. |
| Radical mastectomy (mast-ECT-uh-mee) | A surgical treatment for breast cancer in which the entire breast, as well as underlying muscles and lymph nodes, is removed. |
| Lumpectomy | A surgical treatment for breast cancer in which only the lump and small bit of surrounding tissue are removed. |
| hysterectomy (his-tuh-REK-tuh-mee) | Surgical removal of the uterus. |
| Hyaluronidase | An enzyme secreted by the sperm that allows one sperm to penetrate the egg. |
| Zygote | The developing organism from the time the union of the sperm and the egg to about the second week of gestation. |
| Embryo | The developing organism between the second and eighth weeks of gestation. |
| Fetus | The developing organism from the eighth week of gestation through delivery. |
| Placenta | An organ formed on the wall of the uterus through which the fetus receives oxygen and nutrients and gets rid of waste products. |
| Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) | A hormone secreted by the placenta; it is the hormone detected in pregnancy tests. |
| Umbilical cord | The tube that connects the fetus to the placenta. |
| Amniotic fluid | The watery fluid surrounding a developing fetus in the uterus. |
| Colostrum | A watery substance that is secreted from the breasts at the end of pregnancy and during the first few days after delivery. |
| Edema | Excessive fluid retention and swelling. |
| Braxton-Hicks contractions | Contractions of the uterus during pregnancy that are not part of actual labour. |
| Teratogen | A substance that produces defects in a fetus. |
| Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) | Serious growth deficiency and malformations in the child of a mother who abuses alcohol during pregnancy. |
| Effacement | A thinning out of the cervix during labour. |
| Dilation | An opening up of the cervix during labour; AKA dilatation. |
| First-stage labour | The beginning of labour, during which there are regular contractions of the uterus; the stage lasts until the cervix is dilated 8 centimetres (3 inches). |
| Transition | The most difficult part of labour at the end of the first stage, during which the cervix dilates from 8-10 centimetres (3-4 inches). |
| Second-stage labour | The stage during which the baby moves out through the vagina and is delivered. |
| Episiotomy | An incision made in the skin just behind the vagina, allowing the baby to be delivered more easily. |
| Third-stage labour | The stage during which the afterbirth is expelled. |
| Caesarean section (C-section). | A method of delivering a baby surgically, by an incision in the abdomen. |
| Lamaze | A method of "prepared" childbirth involving relaxation and controlled breathing. |
| Primipara | A woman having her first baby. |
| Postpartum depression | Mild to moderate depression in women following the birth of a baby. |
| Ectopic pregnancy | A pregnancy in which the fertilized egg implants somewhere other than the uterus. |
| Pseudocyesis | false pregnancy, in which the women displays the signs of pregnancy but is not actually pregnant. |
| Pre-eclampsia | A serious disease of pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, severe edema, and proteinuria. |
| Amniocentesis | A test to determine whether a fetus has birth defects; done by inserting a fine tube into the woman's abdomen in order to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid. |
| Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) | A technique for prenatal diagnosis of birth defects, involving taking a sample of cells from the chorionic villus and analyzing them. |
| Miscarriage | The termination of the pregnancy before the fetus is viable, as a result of natural causes (not medical intervention). |
| Infertility | A woman's inability to conceive and give birth to a living child, or a man's inability to impregnate a woman. |
| Assisted insemination | A procedure in which sperm are placed into the vagina by means other than sexual intercourse. |
| Intrauterine insemination | A procedure in which sperm are washed, concentrated, and injected into a women's uterus. |
| Embryo transfer | A procedure in which an embryo is transferred from the uterus of one woman into the uterus or another. |
| In vitro fertilization (IVF) | A procedure in which an egg is fertilized by sperm in a laboratory dish. |
| GIFT | Gamete intrafallopian transfer, a procedure in which sperm and eggs are collected and then inserted together into the fallopian tube. |
| Combination birth control pills | Birth control pills that contain a combination of estrogen and progestin (progesterone). |
| Failure rate | The pregnancy rate occurring using a particular contraceptive method; the percentage of women who will be pregnant after a year of use of the method. |
| Triphasic pill | A birth control pill containing a steady level of estrogen and three phases of progesterone, intended to mimic more closely women's natural hormonal cycles. |
| Intrauterine device (IUD) | A plastic device sometimes containing metal or a hormone that is inserted into the uterus for contraceptive purposes. |
| Diaphragm | A cap shaped rubber contraceptive device that fits inside a woman's vagina over the cervix. |
| FemCap | A method of birth control involving a rubber cap that fits snugly over the cervix. |
| Lea's Shield | A soft, pliable barrier contraceptive device that prevents sperm from entering the cervix. |
| Male condom | A contraceptive sheath that is placed over the penis. |
| Spermicide | A substance that kills sperm. |
| Douching | Flushing out the inside of the vagina with a liquid. |
| Withdrawal | A method of birth control in which the man withdraws his penis from his partner's vagina before he orgasms. |
| Fertility awareness (rhythm) method | A method of birth control that involves abstaining from intercourse around the time the woman ovulates. |
| Calendar method | A type of fertility awareness method of birth control in which the woman determines when she ovulates by keeping a calendar record of the length of her menstrual cycles. |
| Basal body temperature method | A type of fertility awareness method of birth control in which the woman determines when she ovulates by keeping track of her temperature. |
| Cervical mucus method | A type of fertility awareness method of birth control in which the woman determines when she ovulates by checking her cervical mucus. |
| Sympto-thermal method | A type of fertility awareness method of birth control combining the basal body temperature method and the cervical mucus method. |
| Sterilization | A surgical procedure by which an individual is made sterile; that is, incapable of reproducing. |
| Vasectomy | A surgical procedure for male sterilization involving severing of the vas deferens. |
| Minilaparotomy | A method of female sterilization. |
| Erotophobe | Person with a negative orientation toward sexuality; feeling guilty and fearful about sex. |
| Erotophile | Person with a positive orientation toward sexuality, who feels comfortable with and positive toward sex. |
| Abortion | The termination of a pregnancy. |
| Vacuum aspiration | A method of abortion that is performed during the first trimester and involves suctioning out the contents of the uterus. |
| Hysterotomy | A surgical method of abortion done in the late second trimester. |
| RU-486 (mifepristone) | The "abortion pill." |
| Gender role | A set of norms, or culturally defined expectations, that define how people of one gender ought to behave. |
| Stereotype | A rigid set of beliefs about a group of people (e.g., men) that distinguishes them from others (e.g., women) and is applied to all members of that group. |
| Socialization | The ways in which society conveys to the individual its norms or expectations for his or her behaviour. |
| Acculturation | The process of incorporating the beliefs and customs of a new culture. |
| Penile strain gauge | A device used to measure physiological sexual arousal in the male; it is a flexile loop that fits around the base of the penis. |
| Photoplethysmograph | An acrylic cylinder that is placed inside the vagina in order to measure physiological sexual arousal in the female. Also called a photometer. |
| Thermal imaging | A method of detecting genital arousal using a remote camera focused on the genital region to measure the temperature of the genital area. |
Created by:
brianprice
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