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Science is so fun

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QuestionAnswer
Trait A characteristics that an organism can pass on to it's offspring through it's genes.
Heredity The passing of traits from parent to offspring.
Genetics The scientific study of heredity.
Purebred An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of trait as the parent.
Gene A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.
Allele Different forms of a gene.
Dominant allele An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
Recessive allele An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
Hybrid An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait.
Probability The likelihood that a particular event will occur.
Punnet square A chart that shows all possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
Phenotype An organism physical appearance, or visible traits.
Genotype An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination.
Homozygous Having two identical allele's for a trait.
Heterozgous Having two different allele for a trait.
Codominance A condition in which neither of the two allele's of a gene is dominant or recessive.
Gamete A sperm cell or an egg cell.
Sperm A male sex cell.
Egg A female sex cell.
Zygote A fertilized egg, produced by the joining of a sperm and an egg.
Meiosis The process that occurs in sex cells(sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.
Homozgous structures Body parts that are structurally similar in related species; provide evidence that the structures were inherited from a common ancestor.
Messenger RNA RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm.
Transfer RNA RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosome and adds it's to the growing protein chain.
Mutation A change in a gene or chromosome.
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