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CPO Chapter 22 terms

Nuclear and Carbon Reactions

QuestionAnswer
Alpha decay radioactive decay that results in an alpha particle (a helium nucleus) being emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive element.
Alpha particles a partially charged particle emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay; also called a helium nucleus.
Beta decay radioactive decay that results in a beta particle (an electron) being emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive element.
Beta particles a negatively charged particle (an electron) emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay.
Carbon dating a technique to find out how old something is; the measure of carbon-14 in a sample that is between a few thousand and 50
Emissions the airborne gases and particles expelled through an operating automobile's tailpipe.
Fission a nuclear reaction that involves the splitting of the nucleus of an atom.
Fossil fuels hydrocarbon substances including oil
Fusion a nuclear reaction that involves fusing nuclei from two atoms to make a different atom.
Global warming an increase in the Earth's temperature due to increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Half-life the length of time it takes for half an amount of radioactive substance to undergo radioactive decay.
Neutral (1) a solution that has a pH of 7
Nuclear reaction a reaction that involves splitting the nucleus of an atom or fusing two nuclei; these reactions produce much more energy than chemical reactions.
Nucleons the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Photosynthesis a chemical reaction performed by plants in which energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy; carbon dioxide is converted to sugar in this reaction.
Radioactive a term to describe an atomic state when the nucleus is emitting radiation in the form of particles and energy until it becomes more stable.
Radioactive isotope an unstable isotope of an element that spontaneously undergoes radioactive decay.
Radiation (1) the process of emitting radiant energy; (2) a term to describe the particles and energy that are emitted from radioactive substances.
Stable (1) a term used to describe an atom that has a balance of charge; (2) a non-radioactive nucleus.
Created by: tjmelia
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