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pht101 c1p1
chapter 1 part 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the Hippocrates era of 460–377 B.C., it was discovered that | diseases were from natural causes, not supernatural |
| Hippocrates favored | empirical learning |
| In the Hippocrates era of 460–377 B.C., they dissected human body | to study organ functions |
| In the Galen era of A.D. 130–201, the 4 humors were | blood, phlegm, black bile, & yellow bile |
| In the Dioscrides era of first century A.D., | the de Materia Medica was compiled |
| The de Materia Medica described and classified 600 plants by | substance, not by disease they were intended to treat |
| From 1493–1541, Paracelsus denounced | Galen’s concept of humors |
| Paracelsus advocated use of individual drugs, | not mixtures and potions |
| Pharmacopoeias are the | official listings of medical preparations |
| The pharmacopoeia of Florence, Italy is | Nuovo Receptario of 1498 |
| The pharmacopoeias of Nuremberg, Germany is | Dispensatorium of 1546 |
| From 1813-1878, Claude Bernard found that | certain drugs have specific sites of action in the body |
| Claude Bernard founded field of | experimental pharmacology |
| During 18th century, some immigrants to the colonies | were apothecaries |
| Those apothecaries were forerunners of | today’s pharmacists in England |
| The Pharmacopoeia of the United States of 1820 was | the first official listing of drugs in the U.S. |
| The Massachusetts Medical Society had | a phamacopoeia |
| After American Civil War of 1861-1865, the boundaries between | practice of physicians and pharmacists were defined |
| The American Pharmaceutical Association of 1852 | was formed. |
| In 1847, Semmelweis introduced handwashing with | chlorinated lime water in maternity wards |
| In 1860s, Lister introduced | antiseptics into surgery |
| In 1907, Ehrlich introduced | arsphenamine to treat syphilis |
| In 1923, Banting and Best extracted | insulin from the pancreas to treat diabetes |
| In 1935, Domagk found | the first antibiotic, sulfa drug Prontosil |
| In 1945, Fleming | discovered penicillin |
| Pharmakon is | a Greek word meaning a magic spell, remedy, or poison that was used in early records to represent the concept of a drug |
| Pharmacopeia is | an official listing of medicinal preparations |
| Pharmacology is | the science of drugs and their interactions with the systems of living animals |
| Apothecary is | forerunner of the modern pharmacists |
| Pharmacology is a science based on systematic research to determine | the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of drugs |
Created by:
moekah
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