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GLG 101 Ch 9
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Angular unconformity | An unconformity in which the older strata dip at an angle different from that of the younger beds |
| Cenozoic era | a time span on the geologic time scale beginning about 65.5 million years ago following the Mesozoic era |
| Conformable layers | rock layers that were deposited or emplaced parallel to each other |
| Correlation | establishing the equivalence of rocks of similar age in different areas |
| Cross-cutting | a principle of relative dating, in which a rock or fault is younger than any rock or fault through which it cuts |
| Disconformity | a type of unconformity in which the beds above and below are parallel |
| Epoch | a unit of the geologic time scale that is a subdivision of a period |
| Era | a major division of the geologic time scale |
| Fossil | the remains or traces of organisms preserved from the geologic past |
| Fossil succession | fossil organisms succeed one another in a definite and determinable order, and any time period can be recognized by its fossil content |
| Geologic time scale | the division of Earth history into blocks of time - eons, eras, periods, and epochs |
| Half-life | the time required for one-half of the atoms of a radioactive substance to decay |
| Inclusions | pieces of one rock unit contained within another |
| Index fossil | a fossil that is associated with a particular span of geologic time |
| Isotope | varieties of the same element that have different mass numbers; their nuclei contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
| Mesozoic Era | a time span on the geologic time scale between the Paleozoic and Cenozoic eras (between 238 and 65.5 million years) |
| Nonconformity | an unconformity in which older metamorphic or igneous rocks are overlain by younger sedimentary strata |
| Numerical dating | geologic time scale based on the number of years that have passed since and event occurred |
| Original horizontality | layers of sediment that are generally deposited in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position |
| Paleozoic era | a time span on the geologic time scale between the Precambrian and Mesozoic eras (between 542 and 251 million years) |
| Period | a basic unit of the geologic time scale that is a subdivision of an era |
| Precambrian | all geologic time prior to the Phanerozoic eon |
| Radioactivity | the spontaneous decay of certain unstable atomic nuclei |
| Radiocarbon dating | the radioactive isotope of carbon is produced continuously in the atmosphere and used in dating events from the very recent geologic past. Also known as carbon-14 dating |
| Relative dating | rocks and structures are placed in their proper chronological sequence or older |
| Superposition | in any undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each bed is older than the one above and younger than the one below |
| Unconformity | a surface that represents a break in the rock record, caused by erosion and nondeposition |
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thelovelylisa
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