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Science Chapter 5

Chapter 5 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Reactant Substance that undergoes a chemical change
Product Substance that is the result of a chemical change
Chemical Energy Energy stored within atoms and molecules that can be released when a substance reacts
Exothermic Reaction Reaction that transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings usually as heat
Endothermic Reaction Reaction in which energy is transferred to the reactants usually as heat from the surroundings
Synthesis Reaction Reaction of at least two substatances that form a new, more complex compound Example: A+B--->AB
Decomposition Reaction Reaction in which one compound breaks into at least two products Example: AB--->A+B
Electrolysis The decomposition of a compound by an electric current
Combustion Reaction Reaction in which a compound and oxgeyn burn
Single-Displacement Reaction Reaction in which one element replaces another Example: XA+B--->BA+X
Double-Displacement Reaction Reaction in which two elements replace each other Example: AX+BY--->AY+BX
Redox Reaction Reaction that occurs when electrons are transferred from one reactant to another
Radicals The fragments of molecules that have at least one electron available for bonding
Chemical Equation An equation that uses chemical formulas and symbols to show the reactants and products in a chemical reaction
Mole Ratio The smallest relative number of moles of the substance involved in a reaction
Catalyst A substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed
Enzyme A protein that speeds up a specific biochemical reaction
Substrate The specific substance affected by an enzyme
Equilibrium The state in which a chemical reaction and its reverse occur at the same time and at the same rate
Created by: laurenkohler7
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