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Pharm Test 1

QuestionAnswer
Dobutamine Beta 1 Agonist - Adrenergic Stimulant increase HR, contraction, AV conduction, CO renin secretion use: STRESS TEST- echocardiography Pts with HTN: will increase BP if given too quickly
Albuterol Beta 2 Agonist- Adrenergic Stimulant Relax bronchial SM- ASTHMA, skeletal mm vessels Relax uterus, bladder, GI Glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis Increase K+ uptake in skeletal mm may cause: tremor, tachyardia, headache
Ritrodine Beta 2 Agonist- Adrenergic Stimulant Relaxes uterus: labor Causes headaches
Dopamine D1 Agonist- Adrenergic Stimulant Renal vasodilation tx: cardiac shock, incrase CO, flow WITHOUT vasoconstriction! high doses: stimulate B in heart, increase NE release= increased BP
Fenodolpam D1 Agonist- Adrenergic Stimulant More selective than dopamine Dilate vascular beds- Decrease BP
Ephedrine Adrenergic Stimulant Similar to Epinephrine Relase NE, a and B stimulation Long duration, oral Bronchodilation, CNS Stimulations Herbal weight loss- DEATH high BP, stroke
Amphetamine Adrenergic Stimulant- indirect Causes NE release CNS effects**: alert, euphoria, psychosis, headache, dizziness, etc Peripheral: HTN! tremor, tachycardia
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) Andrenergic Stimulant Decrease hyperactivity in ADHD
Methamphetamine Adrenergic Stimulant Drug w/ central action (similar to amphetamine)
Cocaine Adrenergic Stimulant Similar to Amphetamine Inhibits reuptake of Dopamine & NE (indirect) Short acting, intense effect HTN, stroke, tachycardia, arrythmia, psychosis *decrease local blood flow- local anesthesia
Tyramine Adrenergic Stimulant - indirect Increase NE release from neurotransmitter Displaces NE from vesicle, forms false transmitter- Octopamine Hydrolyzed by MAO If MAO blocked or Tyramine injected: massive NE release= HTN Tachyphylaxis w/ repeated stim
Tetrahydrozoline & Naphazoline Alpha Agonists Eye- Get red out
Phentolamine Alpha Blocker- reversible Competitive a1 and a2 Decease PR and BP (diastolic) Tachycardia (a2 block = NE release = activate baroreceptors= HR^) May cause hypotension *rarely used hypersensitive crisis, necrosis prevention after local infusion
Phenoxybenzamine Alpha blocker- irreversible long acting alpha blockade Tachycardia Standing= greatest effect used in pts with pheochromocytoma
Prozasin Alpha 1 blocker- reversible Relax arterial & venous SM- decrease PR Decrease venous return and preload LESS tachycardia because no a2 block benefical- lipids
Terazosin, Doxazosin Alpha 1 blocker- reversible Similar to prozasin 1x/ day- BPH or HTN First dose phenomenon - postural hypotension & syncope after 30-90 mins- should take first dose at bed time Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness
Tamsulosin, Alfulosin Alpha 1 blocker Effects prostate Less effect on BP- good for men w/ postural hypotenstion May cause difficulty with ejaculation \ Alfulosin: simliar, may cause dizziness
Yohimbine Alpha 2 blocker Increase NE release, BP, HR, motor activity- tremors "natural" alternative to viagra
Propanolol Non- Selective Beta blocker Competitive- a1 and a2 Decrease HR, contractility, renin sec, lipolysis, glycogenolysis *local anesthetic Uses: angina, obstructive cardiomyopathy, CHF, hyperthyroidism, migranes, chirrhosis CAUSES BROCHOCONSTRICTION!
Timolol Non-Selective Beta blocker Eye: glaucoma Systemic use Caution w/ asthma
Nadolol Non- Selective Beta Blocker Long acting, little CNS effect
Sotalol Non-Selective Beta Blocker Antiarrythmatic
Metapropolol, Atenolol, Bisopropolol Beta 1 Blockers Decrease HR, contraction force* HEART effects primary Decrease renin release, BP tx: HTN, increase life expectancy post MI, migraine prophylaxis No B2 block = no effect on vessels = better exercise tolerance safer w/ diabetes-glycoge
Nevibolol Beta 1 Blocker Vasodilation- NO release Better effect on BP, fewer side effects
Acebutol Beta 1 Blocker w/ ISA HTN, angina
Esmolol Beta 1 Blocker Short acting, IV
Betaxolol Beta 1 Blocker Safter than Timolol for eye- less bronchoconstriction
Pindolol, Cartelol, Benbutolol Non- Selective B Blockers w/ ISA Stimulatory when sympathetic activity is LOW Inhibit when simp. activity is HIGH *may decrease risk of brochoconstriction, lipid effects Cartelol: eye- glaucoma
Labetolol a and B blocker a= decrease PR B1= prevent tachycardia tx: IV hypertensiv emergencies- can cause hepatic problems
Carvedilol a and B blocker decrease PR, prevent tachycardia tx: CHF, post MI
Created by: mrjones13
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