Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP Psych Prolo Vocab
Psychology Eighth Edition by David G. Myers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Socrates | Believed that the mind was separate from the body and that the mind continues even after the body dies |
| Plato | Was Socrates' student and believed that all knowledge is born with us |
| Aristotle | Was Plato's student and believed that truth is derived from the physical world and led his studies through observations |
| Rene Descartes | Believed that the world is under a set of observable laws and rules but the mind is an exception to this rule because it cannot be observed |
| Francis Bacon | He realized that as humans we find a greater degree of order than what is really there |
| John Locke | Wrote an essay that argued that the mind was a blank slate at birth and that all knowledge was then learned |
| G. Stanley Hall | Studied development and evolutionary psychology and tried to learn the inheritance of behavior |
| Gestalt Psychology | a psychological approach that views psychological phenomena, like perception, learning and thinking. They believe that the whole is different than the sum of its parts |
| Max Wertheimer | one of the founders of Gestalt Psychology that was against the molecularism of Wundt's program for philosophy |
| Structuralism | the idea that introspection must be used to explore the structure of the mind |
| Wilhelm Wundt | Known as the father of psychology because he created the first psychology laboratory to study consciousness |
| Edward Titchener | One of Wundt's students that founded the idea of structuralism. He felt that understanding all parts of the mind would lead to understanding the mind |
| Introspection | looking inward on oneself to uncover the mysteries of the human mind |
| Functionalism | school of psychology that tries to understand the function of mental and behavioral processes and how they let organisms survive and flourish |
| William James | Opposed the structuralist approach and felt that it was necessary to find and understand how the mind fulfills its purpose |
| Mary Calkins | James' student who was refused her degree from Harvard but became president of the APA in 1905 |
| Margaret Floyd Washburn | Harvard's first female Ph.D. in Psychology who studied the psychology of animals |
| Psychoanalysis | the field of psychology that believes in the importance of childhood experiences and the unconscious mind |
| Sigmund Freud | created the psychoanalysis and uncovered the difference between the conscious and unconscious mind |
| Carl Jung | Pioneered the field of dream analysis and worked through the target areas of alchemy, astrology, and sociology. |
| Alfred Adler | founded individual psychology and felt that childhood was the crucial period in a persons life and he studied how children develop feelings of inferiority |
| Karen Horney | Classified as Neo-Freudian, she disliked the male bias in Freud's work and based her work on the need for security |
| Behaviorism | The study of observable behavior |
| John Watson | applied classical conditioning to humans in his famous "Little Albert" experiment |
| Ivan Pavlov | Identified classical conditioning which is using conditioned stimulus and conditioned stimulus to create a response |
| BF Skinner | Rejected introspection and helped redefine psychology as the study of observable behavior. He also pioneered the study of operant conditioning |
| Edward Thorndike | proposed the law of effect and used the Skinner box |
| Albert Bandura | Collected research on social learning and did experiments on the response reward relationship |
| Humanistic | the school of Psychology that found the importance of current environmental influences on our growth potential along with the need for love and acceptance |
| Carl Rogers | Stressed the role of unconditional positive regard in interactions and the need for positive self concept to attain self-actualization |
| Abraham Maslow | Came up with the concept of self-actualization which means accepting yourself and your nature while knowing what your limits are |
| Cognitive | the branch of psychology that studies the interaction between thought processes and the brain |
| Jean Piaget | pioneered the study of cognitive development and proposed the idea that children try to reach equilibrium by assimilating into their environment |
| Noam Chomsky | Studied the organization of language and what he referred to as transformational grammar |
| Herbert Simon | A cognitive scientist that was able to research artificial intelligence, information processing, decision making, and problem solving |
| Howard Gardner | identified different types of intelligence including: verbal, mathematical, musical, spatial, kinesthetic, environmental, interpersonal, and interpersonal |
| George Miller | Studied short term memory and found that 7 was the magic number in the verbal capacity limit |
| Biological/Neuroscience | the type of psychology that tries to find the link between anatomy and the brain |
| Roger Sperry | Found that the two hemispheres of the brain can operate separately from each other |
| James Olds | figured out intracranial self-stimulation and that certain areas of the brain cause the subject to want to stimulate themselves more often |
| VS Ramachandran | A Behavioral neurologist that studied human vision along with phantom limbs, and synesthesia |
| Evolutionary | the school of psychology that tries to find how different behaviors adapt to different situations |
| Charles Darwin | led theories on evolution with his idea of natural selection and also studied nature vs. nurture |
| David Buss | an evolutionary psychologist that studied sex differences and mate selection |
| Sociocultural | the school of psychology that believes that the environment a subject is in has a great deal to do with how that person behaves |
| Erik Erikson | Found that development occurs over an entire lifetime in a series of stages |
| Phillip Zimbardo | Studied dehumanization in victims of violence |
| Stanley Milgram | Conducted obedience experiments where he used deceit to see how different patients would act |
| Solomon Asch | studied conformity by seeing how people naturally try and act like a supposed leader of the group |
| Biopsychosocial | an approach to psychology that incorporates a biological standpoint as well as a psychological standpoint and a sociocultural standpoint |
| Industrial/Organizational Psychologist | study and advise behavior in the workplace |
| Clinical Psychologist | studies, assesses and treats people with psychological disorders |
| Counseling Psychologist | assists people with problems in living and in achieving greater well being |
| Psychiatrist | a branch of medicine dealing with psychology in which physicians can prescribe medical treatments as well as psychological therapy. |
Created by:
BrandonMush
Popular Psychology sets