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BMS60045

Drugs acting at the potassium channel

QuestionAnswer
uses of K channel blockers anti-arrhythmic; used to treat ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias; hypoglicemic agents
what class are K channel blockers? class III
how do K channel blockers work? they block phase 3 of cardiac action potential, thereby prolonging QT wave and repolarization will take longer (prolong phase 3 refractory period)
what are the class III drugs? sotalol, bretylium, amiodarone, dronedarone, dofetilide, ibutilide
amiodarone class X; anti-arrythmic; excretion is mainly hepatic; t1/2 = 58 days (36 for DEA -active metabolite)so it favors toxicity; structurally similar to thyroixine (affects thyroid fx)
Amiodarone SE dose related; thyroid, lung (-itis, fibrosis), liver, eyes (corneal microdeposits)
dronedarone less toxic amiodarone; doesn't effect thyroid, smaller Vd, and shorter t1/2
sotalol non-selective beta-blocker; torsade de pointes
what do SUs (Gl- drugs) do? block K channels; activate cell depolarization; open Ca channels and allow Ca enter cell and insulin to be released
Gl- sulfonyl urea
SE of SE weight gain and hypoglycemia
metformin used for diabetes control; uses guanadine (found in urine); inhibits lactate uptake by liver; inhibits gluconeogenesis via activation of AMPK
-glinide non-SU; increase insulin release; ROSA; weight gain and hypoglycemia reduced in comparison to SU
clinical uses of K channel openers vascular (arterial) relaxation (decrease after load, decrease bp, increase perfusion); promote hair growth
nicorandil K channel opener; used for arterial relaxation, Tx and prevention of angina, CHF, hypertension; stim guanylate cyclase (increasing cGMP) --> relaxation of venous smooth muscle (decreases pre-load); SE: oral ulceration
minoxidil K channel opener; promotes hair growth
Created by: cbart004
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