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8Const
Constitution Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Voters | electors |
| An official count, such as a census | enumeration |
| The process of accusing a public official of wrongdoing | impeachment |
| A written statement issued by a grand jury charging a person with a crime | indictment |
| The minimum number of members that must be present for official business to take place | quorum |
| Income a government collects to cover expenses | revenue |
| A way to give full citizenship to a person of foreign birth | naturalization |
| courts | tribunals |
| serious crimes | felonies |
| public funds set aside for a specific purpose | appropriation |
| Income a government collects to cover expenses | revenue |
| A way to give full citizenship to a person of foreign birth | naturalization |
| courts | tribunals |
| Serious crimes | felonies |
| Public funds set aside for a specific purpose | appropriation |
| A law that condemns a person without a trial in court | bill of attainder |
| money | tender |
| A statement declaring that something is true | affirmation |
| Delays in cancellations or punishment | reprieves |
| Call together | convene |
| Nickname for Amendment 20 | lame duck |
| President's salary | 400,000 |
| Salary for senators and representatives | 136,700 |
| Salary for Speaker of the House | 174,000 |
| Senate or House of Representatives | Congress |
| A motion or process aimed at bringing debate to a quick end. Also called closure. | Cloture |
| Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18. | 26th |
| Protects a citizen’s right to keep and bear arms. | 2nd |
| Protects against unlawful searches and seizures. | 4th |
| Prevents the quartering of troops in private homes. | 3rd |
| Ensured that no tax could be charged to vote for any federal office. | 24th |
| Protects citizens from cruel and unusual punishment and excessive fines. | 8th |
| Protects the enumerated rights of citizens not specifically stated in the Constitution. | 9th |
| Protects the rights of the accused including a public and speedy trial by a jury of one’s peers. | 6th |
| Changed the choosing of senators from the state legislatures to the people of the states. | 17th |
| Protects a citizen’s right to the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition. | 1st |
| Authorizes the United States to collect income tax without regard to the population of the states. | 16th |
| Sets the limit on a presidential term of office to 2-four-year terms or 10 years maximum. | 22nd |
| Outlawed the making, selling, transporting, importing, or exporting of alcohol in the United States. | 18th |
| Abolishes slavery and forbids the practice of slavery in the United States and any area under its control. | 13th |
| Ensures that gender cannot be used as a criteria for voting, thus granting women the right to vote. | 19th |
| Redefines how the President and Vice-President are chosen by the Electoral College, making the two positions cooperative, rather than first and second highest vote-getters. | 12th |
| Requires that any law that increased the pay of legislators may not take effect until after an election. | 27th |
| Reserves all those powers not specifically given to the national government to the state governments. | 10th |
| Grants the District of Columbia (Washington D.C.) the right to three electors in Presidential elections. | 23rd |
| Ensures the right to a trial by jury in any civil case in a federal court if the amount of money involved exceeds $20. | 7th |
| Forbids the state from denying anyone the right to vote based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”. | 15th |
| States are immune from being sued in federal court by other states, foreign countries, or citizens from that state. | 11th |
| Repealed the 18th Amendment and allowed each state the power to regulate the making, selling, transporting, importing, or exporting of alcohol. | 21st |
| Set new start dates for the terms of the Congress and the President, and clarifies how the deaths of Presidents before swearing-in would be handled. | 20th |
| Clarifies even further the line of succession to the Presidency, and establishes rules for a President who becomes unable to perform his duties while in office. | 25th |
| Protects citizens in criminal proceedings including the restriction of self-incrimination and double jeopardy; also ensures the due process of law and eminent domain. | 5th |
| All persons born or naturalized in the United States are in fact citizens of the United States and the state wherein they reside; ensured that all citizens of all states enjoyed not only rights on the federal level, but on the state level, too. | 14th |
| Create a nation in which states cooperate | "Form a more perfect Union" |
| Make just laws and set up fair courts | "Establish justice" |
| Maintain peace within the country | "Insure domestic tranquility" |
| Protect that country against attack | "Provide for the common defense" |
| Contribute to the happiness and well being of all people | "Promote the general welfare" |
| Make sure all citizens remain free | "Secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our prosperity" |
| List National powers | maintain military, declare war, establish postal system, set standards for weights and measures, protect copyrights and patents |
| List Shared powers | collect taxes, establish courts, regulate interstate commerce, regulate banks, borrow money, provide for the general welfare, punish criminals |
| List State powers | establish local governments, set up schools, regulate state commerce, make regulations for marriage, establish and regulate corportations |
| List term, age, residency and citizenship for House of Representatives | 2 years, 25 yrs. old, state which elected, 7 years |
| List term, age, residency and citizenship for Senate | 6 years, 30 yrs. old, state in which elected, 9 years |
| List term, age, residency and citizenship for President | 4 years (max. 2), 35 yrs. old, 14 years in the US prior to running, Natural-born |
| List term, age, residency and citizenship for Supreme Court (9 justices) | unlimited (free from Executive Control) Selected by President and approved by Senate (2/3), No age restriction, no residency restriction, No citizenship restriction |
| Government gets its power/consent from the people | Popular Sovereignty |
| Representative Democracy-people elect their representatives to make laws | Republicanism |
| E Pluribus Unum power is shared between federal and the states(federal has more power) | Federalism |
| Framers gave each branch its own power so that none are too powerful, lessons efficiency but it guards against abuse. | Separation of powers |
| President in charge of branch, Enforces laws | Executive Branch |
| This branch makes laws, Congress is in charge | Legislative Branch |
| This branch interprets laws, Supreme Court is in charge | Judicial Branch |
| Each branch has the authority to check the other | Checks and Balances |
| Most Americans were afraid of a President that would act like a King, Everyone must obey the law | Limited Government |
| There are certain rights protected by Bill of Rights that cannot be taken away | Individual Rights |
| Judicial Branch- Checks on President | Can declare executive acts unconstitutional, Judges are appointed for life, Free from executive control |
| Judicial Branch- Checks on Congress | Judicial review-can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional |
| Executive Branch- Checks on Courts | Appoints federal judges, Can grant reprieves and pardons for federal crimes |
| Executive Branch- Checks on Congress | Can veto acts of Congress, Can call special sessions of Congress, Can suggest laws and send messages to Congress |
| Legislative Branch- Checks of President | Can impeach and remove the president, Can override veto, Controls spending of money, Senate can refuse to confirm presidential appointments and to ratify treaties |
| Legislative Branch- Checks on Court | Can impeach and remove federal judges, Establishes lower federal courts, Can refuse to confirm judicial appointments |
| List Seven Principles of the Constitution | Republicanism, Separation of Powers, Limited Government, Popular Sovereignty, Federalism, Checks and Balances, Individual Rights |
| People who live in a region should determine for themselves the nature of their government. | popular sovereignty |
| For the time being | pro tempore |
| A written statement issued by a grand jury charging a person with a crime | indictment |
| An emergency military force, such as National Guard, that is not part of the regular army | militia |
| A law that would make an act a criminal offense after it was committed | ex post facto law |
| A citizen born in the US,or US Commonwealth, or to parents who are US citizens living outside the country | natural-born citizen |
| Delays or cancellations of punishment | reprieves |
| Call together | convene |
| Violations of the law | misdemeanors |
| Courts with less authority than the supreme court | inferior courts |
| Having power to review court decisions | appellate |
| Legal protections | immunities |
| Right to vote | suffrage |
| Official approval | ratification |
| Complete agreement | unanimous consent |
| reducing | abridging |
| Given a place to stay | quartered |
| Fair treatment under the law | due process of the law |
| Required procedure | compulsory process |
| Lawyer | counsel |
| A system of law developed in England, based on customs and previous court decisions | common law |
| Money paid by arrested persons to guarantee they will return to trial | bail |
| A system of justice court not covered under common law | equity |
| Being under the authority of an owner or master | servitude |
| Granted nationality | naturalized |
| Revolt against authority | insurrection |
| Rewards | bounties |
| Who takes over if the president dies or is unable to serve? List the top five. | Vice-President,Speaker of the House, President of the Senate, Secretary of State, and Secretary of the Treasury |
| No longer in force | inoperative |
| An election in which registered members of a political party nominate candidates for office | primary |
| What is the least amount of witnesses needed to testify for treason? | two |
| Extending a debate to prevent a vote on a given proposal | filibuster |
| A legislative maneuver in United States federal lawmaking that allows the President to veto a bill indirectly. | Pocket veto |
| The US Constitution and federal laws and treaties that adhere to the Constitution officially became the ___________. | "supreme law of the land" |
| Detainees can seek relief from unlawful imprisonment | Writs of habeas corpus |
| Steps for a bill to become a law | Bill introduced, Committee action, Floor action, Final approval, Enactment |
| The legal requirement that the state must respect all of the legal rights that are owed to a person | due process |
| Power of the Supreme Court to review decisions and change outcomes of decisions of lower courts | appellate jurisdiction |
| Presidential Duties | Chief of State, Chief Executive, Chief Diplomat, Commander-In-Chief, Chief Legislator, Chief of Party, Chief Guardian of the Economy |
| Who gives information to Congress of the State of the Union? | President |
| To confirm by expressing consent, approval, or formal sanction | ratify |
Created by:
mtmscomplab
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