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Skinner Definitions
terms and definitions from Skinner's behavior theory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Respondent Behavior | Responses made to or elicited by specific environmental stimuli |
| Reinforcement | The act of strengthening a response by adding a reward, thus increasing the likelihood that the response will be repeated |
| Extinction | The process of eliminating a behavior by withholding reinforcement |
| Operant Behaviors | Behaviors, emitted spontaneously or voluntarily, that operate on the environment and change it |
| Operant Conditioning | The procedure by which a change in the consequences of a response will affect the rate at which the response occurs EX: rat pushing a lever and food dropping out-Rat pushes lever more often to get more food |
| Schedules of Reinforcement | Patterns or rates of providing or withholding reinforcers |
| Successive Approximation | An explanation for the acquisition of complex behaviors. Behaviors such as learning to speak, are reinforced only as they come to approximate or approach the final desired behavior |
| Superstitious Behavior | Persistent behaviors that have a coincidental and not a functional relationship to the reinforcement received |
| Self-Control | The ability to exert control over the variables that determine our behavior |
| Token Economy | A behavior-modification technique in which tokens, which can be exchanged for valued objects or privileges, are awarded for desirable behaviors |
| Behavior Modification | A form of therapy that applies the principles of reinforcement to bring about desired behavioral change |
| Punishment | The application of an aversive stimulus following a response in an effort to decrease the likelihood that the response will recur |
| Negative Reinforcement | The strengthening of a response by the removal of an aversive stimulus |
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