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ch. 11 jonathan pak

QuestionAnswer
ATOMS All things are made up of atoms
PARTS OF AN ATOM Nucleus (protons & neutrons)
Protons positive charge
Neutrons no charge (neutral)
Opposites Attract + attracts –and vice versa
Electrons negative charge
Electron Cloud The area in which electrons move(makes up most of the volume of an atom)
# of protons # of electrons
# of protons in an atom What kind of atom it is
Element A substance that can’t be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Pure Substance Matter that has the same chemical composition throughout and can’t be separated into its parts by physical means
Each of an Element Atoms The same number of protons
Kinds of atoms 100
Elements found in nature 90
Atom The smallest unit of an element that has properties or characteristics of that element
Elements Different numbers of subatomic particles(Protons, Neutrons and Electrons)that make up atoms
Atoms can bond by sharing or exchanging electrons
Molecule A group of two or more atoms held together by very strong chemical bonds
Molecular bonds Form between atoms that share electrons
Molecule Can be made up of more than one atom of the same element
Compounds Pure substances made up of two or more different elements that are chemically joined
Elements Always found in the same proportions
The properties of a molecule or Compound Can be very different from the properties of elements that form the molecules or compounds
Elements, Molecules, and Compounds identified and represented by chemical formulas
Periodic table of elements presents and organizes information about all the elements
Element box contains element’s name, and its unique chemical symbol
Latin word for iron Ferrum
Atomic number identifies the number of protons in the nucleus of one atom of an element
Carbon always contains 6 protons
Atomic mass largest number
AMU the atomic mass is given in atomic mass units
Periodic table useful model that can help you understand the properties of elements
Model any way to show an object or an idea
Periodic table arranges elements in horizontal rows in order of increasing atomic number
Period each horizontal row in the periodic table
Periods numbered from 1 to 7
Elements all elements in period have the same number of energy levels.
Group a vertical column in the periodic table
Groups numbered for 1 to 18
Chemical family another name for a group because elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer energy level
Metals more than 75 percent of the elements in the periodic table are metals
Metals shiny, malleable, ductile, are usually solid at room temperature, and good conductors of heat and electricity
Nonmetals elements that are not metal
Nonmetals gases at room temperature which include nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, and the noble gases.
Nonmetals dull, brittle, and poorly conductive of heat and electricity
Metalloids substances that have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
Metalloids semiconductors, or partial conductors, of electricity
Chemical property a characteristic that determines how a substance will interact with other substances during a chemical reaction
Reactivity describes how likely an element is to react and form bonds with other elements
Ion atom that has a positive or negative charge
Inert unable to react chemically
Alkali Metals the most reactive metals; their atoms have one electron in their outer level
Alkaline earth metals they are reactive but are less reactive than alkali metals
Transition metals less reactive than the alkali metals and the alkaline-earth metals.
Boron group one metalloid metals, electrons in outer level, and reactive
Carbon group reactivity varies among the elements
Nitrogen group its reactivity varies among the elements and has electrons in the outer level
Oxygen group 20% of air and reactive
Halogens reactive nonmetals, and their atoms have seven electrons in their outer level
Noble gases their atoms have 8 electrons in their outer level
Hydrogen 1 electron in outer level and reactive
Created by: PhySciLewis1
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