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exam study science

exam study aol

QuestionAnswer
periodic law organization of the elements by atomic number
ion an atom or molecule that has gain or lost an electron and now has a negative or positive charge
group vertical column of elements
period horizontal row of elements
chemical bond the force that holds ions or atoms together in a compound
chemical structure the arrangement of atoms in a substance
bond length average distance between the nuclei of 2 bonded atoms
metallic bond a bond formed by the attraction of positively charged metal ions
bond angle angle formed by two bonds of the same atom
covalent bond a bond formed when atoms share one or more electrons
ionic bonds the attractive force between separately charged ions
polyatomic bond an ion made of two or more ions
reactant a substance that participates in a chemical reaction
product a substance that forms in a chemical reaction
chemical equilibruim a state of balance in which the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and produces and reactants remain unchanged
chemical enegry the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds
exothermic reaction reaction when energy is released to the surroundings as heat
endothermic reaction reaction that requires energy input
synthesis reaction when multiple substances are combined to form something new A+B ->AB
decomposition reaction when a compound breaks down to form simplier substances AB-> A+B
single disreplacement reaction when one element takes the place of another element in a compound AX+B-> BX+A
double displacement reaction reaction in which a molecular compound forms from the exchange of atoms or ions between 2 compounds AX+BY->AY+BX
combustion reaction the oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is released A+B+OXYGEN->AB+HEAT
oxidation reduction reaction any chemical change in which one speicies is oxidized(electron loss) and another species is reduced(electron gain)
suspension mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas
colloid mixture consisting of tiny particles that are intermediate in size between those solutions
emulsion any mixture of 2 or more immiscible liquids in which one liquid is dispersed in the other
solution a homo mixture throughout which 2 or more substances are uniformly dispersed
solute the substance that dissolves in the solvent
solvent the substance in which the solute dissolves (water= univerisal solvent
alloy mixture of two or more metals
tyndall effect effect in which light is scattered by inviscible particles
hetero mixture does not have a fixed compositon
homo mixture individual components are too small to be seen
polar molecule in which +/- charges are seperated
nonpolar molecule in which+/- charges or not seperated
h bond only occurs with hydrogen and is attracted to 2 unshared electrons of another molecule
solubility ability for one substance to dissolve in another
concentration amount of a particular substance in a given quanity of a mixture, solution, or ore
molarity concentration unit expressed n mols and is per liter of solution
Created by: diva626
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