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Chapter 9 (SEPE)

QuestionAnswer
Heat flows from _____ to _____. hot, cold
_____ is an object's thermal energy. Heat
What is the motion of transferring kinetic energy particles? heating or cooling
How can you measure the change in thermal energy? By measuring the change in the temperature of a system.
Thermal energy can ONLY be measured as...? As it is transferred from one system to another.
What is a loss of thermal energy usually accompanied by? Falling temperatures.
What is a gain of thermal energy usually accompanied by? Rising temperatures.
When an object is cooled its particle kinetic energy is transferred to another _______ object. When an abject is heated, it gets hit by a _______ object, making the cooler particles move faster. cooler hotter
What is the temperature of an object directly related to? It is related to the AVERAGE kinetic energy of its atoms and molecules.
What is temperature measured in? degrees
What instrument is used to measure temperature? a thermometer.
Which scale is used on thermometers in the U.S.? The Fahrenheit Scale
Who created the Fahrenheit scale and when? Gabriel Fahrenheit, in 1714
What is the name of the scale that is devised from a decimal temperature scale? The Celcius Scale
Who created the Celcius scale and when? Anders Celcius, in 1742
What is the name of the scale that has NO negative values? The Kelvin Scale
Who proposed the scale in which the lowest temperature would be absolute zero? --- when? Lord Kelvin, in 1848.
What is thermal expansion? An object gains volume when its temperature starts rising.
What is electrical resistance? The opposing forces that act on an electrical current while the current is going through a conductor.
What is viscosity? It is the measure of the resistance of liquids to flow.
How does temperature affect viscosity? Viscosity decreases as temperature increses.
What is heat? It is the quantity of thermal energy that flows from one place to another.
Which ways can heat transfer? It transfers through conduction, convection, and radiation.
What is conduction? Conuction occurs when objects of different temperatures touch and the thermal energy moves from the hotter object to the cooler object.
What are some examples of good conductors? diamonds, metals
What is convection? It is the energy carried from one location to another by a fluid
______ and ______ are also fluids! gases, liquids
What is convection current? It is the flow of hot fluids rising and cold fluids sinking.
What is radiation? It is thermal energy that radiated from the source outwards.
What is tha name of the radiator that warms the earth? The sun
True or False Radiant energy uses matter to move between systems. False: Radiant energy does NOT need matter to move between systems... THERMAL energy does.
What are thermal insulators? They are materials that resist the flow of thermal energy (they hold the heat in or out).
True or False Heat capacity is the relationship between the amount of thermal energy absorbed and the temperature change caused by this. True
True or False The larger the heat capacity, the less amount of energy is needed to change the temperature. False, The larger the heat capacity, the MORE amount of energy is needed to change the temperature.
What is specific heat? The heat capacity per gram of material.
True or False The specific heat in metals are low. True
What is freezing? It is the phase at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.
What is melting? It is the phase at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.
What is condensation? It is the phase at which a substance changes from a gas to a liquid.
What is vaporization? It is the phase at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
What is sublimation? It is the phase at which a subatance immediatley changes from a solid to a gas, skipping the phase at which it turns into a liquid.
What is desposition? It is the phase at which a substance changes from a gas to a solid, skipping the phase at which it first turns into a liquid to a solid.
What is freezing point? It is the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equuilibrium at atmospheric pressure.
What is boiling point? It is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.
Created by: sepechic21
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