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Psych-Quiz 4
Social Psychology and Therapy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Psychotherapy? | generic name given to formal psychological treatment |
| Biological treatments | treatment based on medicinal approaches |
| Psychopharmacology | use of medicines that affect the body and brain functions |
| Ant-Anxiety drugs | reduce anxiety, promote relaxation ex. valium |
| Anti-depressants | Stabalize mood |
| Three classes of Ant-depressants | MAOIs, Tricyclics and SSRIs |
| Antipsychotics | Block the effects of dopamine |
| Alternative Biological Treatments | Used as a last resort because of the serious side effects that can occur |
| What is psychosurgery | Removal of portions of the brain |
| Pre-frontal lobotomies | used to treat severe mental disorders |
| Electrocounvulsive Therapy | shock therapy that is used in cases of severe depression. More common now because less invasive and used with powerful anesthesia |
| What are the three types of Psychotherapy? | Psychodynamic Therapy Humanistic Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy |
| Humanistic Therapy | emphasizes client's own personal beliefs, experiences and free-will |
| Person-Centered Approach | creating safe, comfortable environment, empathy, unconditional positive regard |
| Reflective Listening | Repeating client's statements to seek clarification |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy | attempts to correct faulty thinking and change maladaptive behaviors |
| Cognitive Therapy and Restructuring | tries to teach people to think in more adaptive ways |
| Behavior Therapy and Exposure | uses principles of learning to change behavior |
| What is CBT like and how popular is it? | most popular approach, business like or diadactic |
| Group Therapy- What are the benefits | simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group setting, builds social support |
| Family Therapy | emphasizes context of the problem |
| What is Transference | transfer emotional feelings about others to a therapist |
| Does Psychotherapy work? | yes, 86% feel improved |
| What are two examples of therapies that don't work? | DARE, Debriefing |
| Meta-analyses of Psychotherapy Outcomes | psychotherapy is effective for a range of problems |
| Are some therapies better then others? | overall the answer is complex and still being studied |
| Is combining approaches usually more effective than any single approach? | yes. Ex. Schizophrenia-Pharmacological and psychosocial |
| What is social psychology? | the study of how we influence each other |
| What did the Stanford Prison Experiment show? | the power of social roles and how it can easily influence ones behavior |
| Norms | roles that regulate human life |
| Role | a given social position that is governed by societal norms |
| What are attributions? | peoples casual expectations for events or actions |
| Attribution theory | People are tempted to draw attributions to provide basic order in their lives |
| Dispostional Attributions | within a person, traits, moods |
| Situational Attributions | outside events, actions of others |
| Fundamental Attribution Error | Tendency to overestimate importance of personal traits and underestimate the importance of the situation |
| Self-Serving Bias | Choosing explanations that favor oneself |
| Just-World Hypothesis | The need to beleive that the world is fair, justice is served |
| Cognitive Dissonance | Uncomfortable state that occurs when contradiction takes place |
| Familiarity Effect | more we are exposed, the more of a tendency we have to create a positive attitude |
| Validity Effect? | The more we hear it, the tendency we have to believe it |
| Explicit Attitudes | those you are aware of and can report |
| Implicit Attitudes | those you are not aware of |
| Stereotypes | attitudes and beliefs about a certain group pf people |
| Self-fulfilling prophecy | Tendency to behave in ways that confirms ones own or other expectations |
| Stereotype Threat | Tendency for stereotype threat to influence the people being steretyped |
| what do negative stereotypes lead to | Prejudice and discrimination |
| Prejudice | negative feelings toward others based solely on their membership of a certain group |
| Discrimination | Unjustified feelings treatment of people as a result of prejudice |
| Robbers Cave experiments | created hostility, prejudice and discrimination |
| social Facilitation | Presence of others increases arousal |
| Social loafing | people dont work as hard when they are in groups |
| Deindividuation | People losing their individuality when they become part of a group |
| Diffusion of Responsibility | people in groups feel less responsible for their actions |
| Group thinks | convinces themselves they are correct |
| conformity | adhering to social norms and expectations |
| Obedience | Milgram experience 2/3 65% |
| Bystander Effect | failure to offer help someone observed to be in need |
| altruism | providing help to someone in abscene of reward |
| 4 major factors of bystander effect | 1) Diffusion of Responsibility 2) Fear of Social Blunders 3) Anonymity 4) Perceived Risk |
Created by:
karchermary
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