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Ch,. 31 Pharm

Thyroid, antithyroid drugs

QuestionAnswer
Three hormones essential for proper regulation of metabolism in thyroid Thyroxine (T4) Triiodothyronine (T3) Calcitonin
Where are the three hormones located in thyroid and what are their fx Located near the parathyroid gland which is responsible for maintaining adequate levels of calcium in the extracellular fluid
What is hypothyroidism Not enough thyroid hormones Primary: abnormality in the thyroid gland itself Secondary: pituitary gland is dysfunctional and not secrete TSH Tertiary: hypothalamus gland does not secrete TRH, which stimulates the release of TSH
what is Cretinism Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone during youth Low metabolic rate, retarded growth and sexual development, possibly mental retardation
what is myxedema hyposecretion of thyroid hormone during adulthood decr met rate, loss of mental/physical stamina, wt. gain, loss of hair, firm edema, yellow dullness of skin
what is goiter enlargement of thyroid Overstimulation by elevated TSH b/c no thyroid hormone in circulation
common ss/sx of hypothyroidism thickened skin, hair loss, constipation, lethargy, anorexia
drugs for hypothyroidism levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levothyroidl) Synthetic thyroid hormone T4 liothyronine (Cytomel) Synthetic thyroid hormone T3 liotrix (Thyrolar) Synthetic thyroid hormone T3-T4 combined Thyroid- Desiccated (dried) animal thyroid gland
what is euthyroid normal levels of thyroid
what is preferred drug for hypothyroidism levothyroxine "Euthyroid"
what is most common side effect of thyroid drugs cardiac dysrhythmias May cause: tachy, angina, HTN, insomnia, N/D, wt loss, sweating
What is hyperthyroidism excessive thyroid hormones
What diseases can cause hyperthyroidism Graves', Multinodular, Plummer's, thyroid storm(stress/infection and life threatening)
What is graves' disease and what is common with it over production of thyroid hormone and cause enlarged thyroid and exophthalmos(bulging eyes)
what are treatments of hyperthyroidism radioactive iodine (I131) destroys thyroid, surgery w/ hormone replacement, Antithyroid drugs: thioamide derivatives methimazole (Tapazole) propylthiouracil (PTU)
what is adverse effect of hyperthyroidism drugs liver/bone toxicity
During pregnancy, what is important to know regarding hypothyroidism Fetal growth may be retarded if maternal hypothyroidism is untreated during pregnancy Adjust dosage every 4 weeks to keep TSH at the lower end of the normal range
When taking thyroid drugs what should nurse remind pt take pill in morn b/c insomnia, take same time everyday and not switch brands
When taking thyroid drugs what should nurse be cautious of May enhance activity of anticoagulants Diabetic patients may need increased dosages of hypoglycemic meds May decrease serum digoxin levels Avoid iodine high foods (seafood, soy sauce, tofu, iodized salt)
Created by: palmerag
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