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Abnormal Chapter 14
Abnormal Psychology Chapter 14 Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Developmental disorder featuring maladaptive levels of inattention, excessive activity, and impulsiveness | Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
| Reading, mathematics, or written expression performance substantially below levels expected relative to the person's age, IQ score, and education | Learning disorder |
| Reading performance significantly below the standard for that age level | Reading disorder |
| Mathematics performance significantly below the standard for that age level | Mathematics disorder |
| Condition in which writing performance is significantly below the standard for that age level | Disorder of written expression |
| Disturbance in the fluency and time patterning of speech (for example, sound and syllable repetitions or prolongations) | Stuttering |
| An individual's problems in spoken communication, as measured by significantly low scores on standardized tests of expressive language relative to nonverbal intelligence test scores. Symptoms may include a markedly limited vocabulary or errors in tense | Expressive language disorder |
| Developmental disorder characterized by the individual's consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite speaking in other situations | Selective mutism |
| Disruption in early development involving involuntary motor movements or vocalizations | Tic disorder |
| Wide-ranging, significant, and long-lasting dysfunctions that appear before the age of 18 | Pervasive developmental disorder |
| Progressive neurological developmental disorder featuring constant hand-wringing, intellectual disability, and impaired motor skills | Rett's disorder |
| Pervasive developmental disorder involving sever regression in language, adaptive behavior, and motor skills after a 2-4 year period of normal development | Childhood disintegrative disorder |
| Disorders that do not meet criteria for other pervasive developmental disorders | Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified |
| Pervasive developmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in social interactions and communication and restricted patterns of behavior, interest, and activity | Autistic disorder |
| A diagnosis received when one achieves a significantly below-average score on a test of intelligence and by limitations in the ability to function in areas of daily life | Intellectual disability (ID) |
| Recessive disorder involving the inability to break down a food chemical whose buildup causes intellectual disability, seizures, and behavior problems. Can be detected by infant screening and prevented by a specialized diet | Phenylketonuria (PKU) |
| X-linked disorder characterized by intellectual disability, signs of cerebral palsy, and self-injurious behavior | Lesch-Nyhan syndrome |
| Type of intellectual disability caused by a chromosomal aberration (chromosome 21) and involving characteristic physical appearance. Sometimes known as trisomy 21. | Down syndrome |
| Prenatal medical procedure that allows the detection of abnormalities (such as Down syndrome) in the developing fetus. Involves removal and analysis of amniotic fluid from the mother. | Amniocentesis |
| A genetic test conducted during early pregnancy that samples cells found in the placenta (chorionic villi) and assesses possible genetic or chromosomal problems in the fetus | Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) |
| Pattern of abnormality caused by a defect in the X chromosome resulting in intellectual disability, learning problems, and unusual physical characteristics | Fragile X syndrome |
| Mild intellectual disability that may be caused largely by environmental influences | Cultural-familial intellectual disability |
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