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Chemistry Bonding--
Covalent, Ionic, Metallic etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Relative mass for proton | 1 |
| Relative mass for Neutron | 1 |
| Relative mass for Electron | 1/1836 |
| Relative charge for proton | +1 |
| Relative charge for neutron | 0 |
| Relative charge for electron | -1 |
| Atomic number | (Z) number of protons in the nucleus |
| Mass number | (A) is the total number of protons and neutrons |
| To find out the number of neutrons | Mass number - Atomic number (A-Z) |
| The nucleus is located in the central part of the atom and is composed of... | protons and neutrons. |
| The electrons move in a relatively large space and is often called an electron cloud. Being negatively charged, moving around the nucleus there are ________ forces between them and the positively charged nucleus. | electrostatic |
| 31 P Phosphorus. Find the Atomic number and Mass number. 15 List how many protons, neutrons and electrons. | (Z)= 15 (A)= 31 15 protons, 31-15=16 neutrons and 15 electrons. |
| How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a neutral atom of iron that has a mass number of 56? | (Z)= 26 protons (A)=26 electrons No. of neutrons= 56-26=30 |
| Define Isotopes. | Atoms that have the same number of protons as one another but different numbers of neutrons. |
| Ions are electrically charged species formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. Positive ions form by a: loss or gain of electron/s. | Loss |
| Negative ions form by a: loss or gain of electron/s | Gain |
| All atoms try to gain... | maximum stability or lowest energy. |
| The noble gases are... | very stable as they try to gain maximum stability by getting the same valance electron configuration. |
| All noble gases have ____ electrons in their valance shell. | 8 (2 for He) |
| Three main types of chemical bonds are: | Metallic, Ionic and Covalent |
| Define Metallic bonding | form between metal atoms. The valance electrons of these atoms are very mobile and delocalised. |
| What do metallic bonds result from? | The attraction between these delocalised electrons and the positively charged metallic ions. |
| Define Ionic bonding | form between metal and non-metal atoms. A transfer of electrons between these atoms creates positive and negative ions, each having inert gas electron configuration. |
| What do ionic bonds result from? | The strong attraction between the oppositely charged ions. |
| Define Covalent bonding | form between non metal atoms. Electrons shared in a common bond so that each atom can achieve inert gas configuration. |
| What do covalent bonds result from? | The strong electrostatic attraction between the shared electrons and the protons of atoms. |
| There are two types of covalent bonding... | Covalent molecular and Covalent network |
| Explain covalent molecular bonding in terms of structure. | Molecules are organised in a lattice, each neutral molecule composed of atoms bonded together. Eg. H20 |
| Covalent molecular bonds are... | strong, intermolecular forces are weak |
| Explain covalent molecular in terms of properties... | non-conductors in solid and liquid states. most are soft. |
| Explain covalent network bonding in terms of structure. | Atoms organised in a lattice. Formed by non-metals of group 14 elements. Eg. Diamond |
| Covalent network bonds have... | electrostatic attraction between shared electrons. |
| Explain covalent network in terms of properties... | non-conductors in solid and liquid states. very hard and brittle. |
Created by:
Victoria28
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