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ziance 1.7 sed/hyp

sedatives and hypnotics

drugMAOIndicationADRContraindicationsNotes
Mephobarbital Mebaral Sedative, epilipesy long
Phenobarbital Luminal Pre-op sedation, hypnotic, epilepsy, statys epileptus long
Amobarbital Amytal sedative, hypnotic intermediate
Pentobarbital Nembutal hypnotic, status epilepticus short
Secobarbital Seconal induce anesthesia prior to anesthetics, hypnotic short
Thiopental Pentothal anethesia alone for 15 min or induce anesthesia prior to anesthetics ultra short
Chlordiazepoxide Librium Anxiety alcohol withdrawal
Clonazepam Klonopin epilepsy panic attack
Diazepam Valium anxiety pre-op sedation status epilelticus skeletal muscle relaxannt alcohol withdrawal
Alprazolam Xanax anxiety panic disorderr pre-op sedation alcohol withdrawal
Lorazepam Ativan anxiety status epilepticus alcohol withdrawal pre-op sedation procedure amnesia
Oxazepam Serax anxiety alcohol withdrawl
Midazolam Versed pre-op sedatoin anesthesia status epilepticus
Eszopiclone Lunesta Hypnotic nonbenzo/nonbarb
Zaleplon Sonata Hypnotic nonbenzo/nonbarb
Zolpidem Ambien Hypnotic nonbenzo/nonbarb
Flurazepam Dalmane Hypnotic
Ramelteon Rozerem Hypnotic; Agonist of MT1 and MT2 (melatonin) receptors within hypothalamus Maintain circadian rhythm of normal sleep-wake cycle insomnia Dizziness Somnolence Fatigue CYP1A2 drugs ie. fluvoxamine (Luvox®)
Temazepam Restoril Hypnotic
Triazolam Halcion Hypnotic
Buspirone Buspar 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptor agonist. Has affinity for CNS D2 receptors Anxiety-onset in 1-2 weeks Dream disturbance, noise intolerance, involuntary movements CYP3A4 inhibitors: Ketoconazole, diltiazem, verapamil, fluvoxamine No effect on GABAa receptor or GABA binding to GABAa receptor
Flumazenil Romazicon Competitive antagonist at the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABAa receptor Reverse sedative effects of benzodiazepines. ● Benzodiazepine overdose siezure Not to be used to manage benzodiazepine dependence.
Alcohol ETOH Enhances GABA action similar to benzodiazepines Enhance excitatory effects of 5-HT3 receptors Inhibits activation of NMDA excitatory receptors Inhibit neuronal Ca++ influx to reduce release of several CNS neurotransmitters tolerance addiction phys. dependence
Disulfiram Antabuse cause acetaldehyde poisoning treatment of alcohol abuse
Chloral Hydrate UNK hypnotic pre- and post-op habit forming phys. dependence after 2 weeks Prevent or suppress alcohol withdrawal symptoms(cross tolerance)
Meprobamate Miltown Equanil UNK anxiety habit forming and sudden withdrawal symptoms reduced affect after 4 months
Created by: 727138192
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