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Chapter 7
Memory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is memory? | The process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. (the storage of info) |
| What are the key features of Episodic memories? | It is the memory of a specific event and is very vivid. Ex. Last night's dinner or last quiz taken. |
| What is a flashbulb memory? | A flashbulb memory is a type of episodic memory in which very vivid details can be remembered. |
| What are the key features of Semantic memories? | Facts that we remember or general knowledge. Unlike episodic memories, we usually do not remember how or when we learned these facts. |
| What is explicit memory? | A memory of specific information. For example, Episodic and Semantic memories. |
| What are the key features of implicit memories? | Known as procedural memories, these are memories on how to do something. For example, how to ride a bike or swim |
| What is encoding? | Actively trying to understand and remember something. |
| What are three ways information is encoded into memory? | Visually, acoustically, and Semantically(figuring out what they may mean) |
| Visual codes are at what level of retention? | Shallow |
| Acoustic codes are at what level of retention? | Intermediate |
| Semantic codes are at what level of retention? | Deepest |
| What is storage? | Our mind's safe of memories. |
| What is sensory memory? | Holds onto a stimulus for a few seconds and requires selective attention. |
| What is short term memory? | Known as the memory's "desktop" and lasts from 20-30 seconds. |
| What is interference? | A problem with short term memory that involves an interruption causing the memory to be forgotten. |
| What is displacement? | A problem with short term memory that involves new information pushing out the old information. |
| What is repression? | When a traumatic experience is "forgotten" |
| What is long term memory and how does it function? | Known as the "file cabinet" of the memory. All memories here are permanent and it has unlimited capacity. |
| What can cause a long term memory to be "forgotten"? | Alzheimer's disease along with other diseases and repression. |
| What is elaboration? | Working with information to allow for a stronger remembrance. |
| What is retrieval? | Going fishing for a memory. |
| What is needed for retrieval? | a cue |
| What is a recall cue? | gives an individual very few hints as to the material. |
| What is a recognition cue? | is loaded with several hints |
| How can a context dependent memory be retrieved? | If an individual is placed in a similar setting or place in which the event originally occurred. |
| How can a state dependent memory be retrieved? | If an individual is in the same emotional state as when the event occurred. |
| What is serial position effect? | belief that what is learned in the first interval of time is remembered best, the middle interval is foggy, and what was learned during the last interval is remembered second best. |
| What is primacy recency effect? | Same as the serial position effect |
| What is encoding failure? | a theory of forgetting in which a person never completely learned the material in the first place. |
| What is the interfecence theory? | the process that occurs when new information appears in short-term memory and replaces what was already there. |
| What is retrieval failure? | There were not enough cues for the memory to be retrieved from long term memory. |
| What is consolidation failure? | A failure to get rid of irrelevant information and focus on the relevant. |
| What is infantile amnesia? | The belief that children 3 years old or younger cannot remember things. |
| What is Retrograde Amnesia? | When an individual cannot remember events from before the "accident" or event occurred. |
| What is Anterograde Amnesia? | When an individual cannot remember anything before, during, or after the event occurred. |
| What is motivated forgetting? | When an individual suppresses a memory that they don't want to remember such as a traumatic event. (they are in denial) |
Created by:
cindysmile
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